Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40807900›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2025

A Multi-Constraint Co-Optimization LQG Frequency Steering Method for LEO Satellite Oscillators.

Dongdong Wang, Wenhe Liao, Bin Liu, Qianghua Yu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Dongdong WangSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
Wenhe LiaoSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
Bin LiuBeijing Research Institute of Telemetry, China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, Beijing 100094, China.
Qianghua YuBeijing Research Institute of Telemetry, China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, Beijing 100094, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

High-precision time-frequency systems are essential for low Earth orbit (LEO) navigation satellites to achieve real-time (RT) centimeter-level positioning services. However, subject to stringent size, power, and cost constraints, LEO satellites are typically equipped with oven-controlled crystal oscillators (OCXOs) as the system clock. The inherent long-term stability of OCXOs leads to rapid clock error accumulation, severely degrading positioning accuracy. To simultaneously balance multi-dimensional requirements such as clock bias accuracy, and frequency stability and phase continuity, this study proposes a linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) frequency precision steering method that integrates a four-dimensional constraint integrated (FDCI) model and hierarchical weight optimization. An improved system error model is refined to quantify the covariance components (Σ

Indexed as

frequency stabilitylow Earth orbit (LEO) satellitesLQG controlmulti-constraint co-optimizationoven-controlled crystal oscillators (OCXOs)

Identifiers

PMID40807900
PMCPMC12349051

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.