Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40807699›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Estimating Heart Rate from Inertial Sensors Embedded in Smart Eyewear: A Validation Study.

Sarah Solbiati, Federica Mozzini, Jean Sahler, Paul Gil, Bruno Amir, Niccolò Antonello, Diana Trojaniello, Enrico Gianluca Caiani

Abstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Sarah SolbiatiDepartment of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, MI, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-0053-4198
Federica MozziniDepartment of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, MI, Italy.ORCID 0009-0009-3533-9112
Jean SahlerEssilorLuxottica, Smart Eyewear Lenses, Essilor International, 147 Rue de Paris, 94320 Créteil, France.
Paul GilEssilorLuxottica, Smart Eyewear Lenses, Essilor International, 147 Rue de Paris, 94320 Créteil, France.
Bruno AmirEssilorLuxottica, Smart Eyewear Lenses, Essilor International, 147 Rue de Paris, 94320 Créteil, France.
Niccolò AntonelloEssilorLuxottica, Smart Eyewear Lab, Piazzale Luigi Cadorna 3, 20123 Milan, MI, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-0803-5385
Diana TrojanielloEssilorLuxottica, Smart Eyewear Lab, Piazzale Luigi Cadorna 3, 20123 Milan, MI, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-8935-5593
Enrico Gianluca CaianiDepartment of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, MI, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-1770-6486

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Smart glasses are promising alternatives for the continuous, unobtrusive monitoring of heart rate (HR). This study validates HR estimates obtained with the "Essilor Connected Glasses" (SmartEW) during sedentary activities. Thirty participants wore the SmartEW, equipped with an IMU sensor for HR estimation, a commercial smartwatch (Garmin Venu 3), and an ECG device (Movesense Flash). The protocol included six static tasks performed under controlled laboratory conditions. The SmartEW algorithm analyzed 22.5 s signal windows using spectral analysis to estimate HR and provide a quality index (QI). Statistical analyses assessed agreement with ECG and the impact of QI on HR accuracy. SmartEW showed high agreement with ECG, especially with QI threshold equal to 70, as a trade-off between accuracy, low error, and acceptable data coverage (80%). Correlation for QI ≥ 70 was high across all the experimental phases (r

Indexed as

Heart RateSmart GlassesAdultAlgorithmsElectrocardiographyFemaleHumansMaleMonitoring, PhysiologicWearable Electronic DevicesYoung Adultheart rateinertial measurement unitphysiological monitoringquality indexsmart eyewearwearables

Identifiers

PMID40807699
PMCPMC12349393

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.