Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40807381›Full record

ReviewMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Surface Functionalization of Nanoparticles for Enhanced Electrostatic Adsorption of Biomolecules.

Marks Gorohovs, Yuri Dekhtyar

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. Green-Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles fromNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Marks GorohovsMechanical and Biomedical Engineering Institute, Riga Technical University, Kipsalas Street 6B, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia.ORCID 0009-0006-1091-5249
Yuri DekhtyarMechanical and Biomedical Engineering Institute, Riga Technical University, Kipsalas Street 6B, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia.ORCID 0000-0002-9243-9605

Funding

European Union Recovery and Resilience Facility 5.2.1.1.i.0/2/24/I/CFLA/003
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Electrostatic adsorption plays a crucial role in nanoparticle-based drug delivery, enabling the targeted and reversible loading of biomolecules onto nanoparticles. This review explores the fundamental mechanisms governing nanoparticle-biomolecule interactions, with a focus on electrostatics, van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonding, and protein corona formation. Various functionalization strategies-including covalent modification, polymer coatings, and layer-by-layer assembly-have been employed to enhance electrostatic binding; however, each presents trade-offs in terms of stability, complexity, and specificity. Emerging irradiation-based techniques offer potential for direct modulation of surface charge without the addition of chemical groups, yet they remain underexplored. Accurate characterization of biomolecule adsorption is equally critical; however, the limitations of individual techniques also pose challenges to this endeavor. Spectroscopic, microscopic, and electrokinetic methods each contribute unique insights but require integration for a comprehensive understanding. Overall, a multimodal approach to both functionalization and characterization is essential for advancing nanoparticle systems toward clinical drug delivery applications.

Indexed as

NanoparticlesStatic ElectricityAdsorptionDrug Delivery SystemsHumansHydrogen BondingProtein CoronaSurface PropertiesProtein Coronaadsorption processesbiomoleculesdrug–nanoparticle conjugatesdrugselectrostatic interactionfunctionalizationlipidsnanoparticlesproteins

Identifiers

PMID40807381
PMCPMC12348736

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.