ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Carboxylated Mesoporous Carbon Nanoparticles as Bicalutamide Carriers with Improved Biopharmaceutical and Chemo-Photothermal Characteristics.
Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Targeting the Androgen Receptor and Associated Cofactors in Prostate Cancer: Novel Approaches and Future Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Comprehensive Review of Mesoporous Carbon and Mesoporous Silica in Poorly Soluble Drug Delivery: Insights into Drug Loading, Dissolution, Stability, and Pharmacological Performance.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a serious, life-threatening condition among men, usually requiring long-term chemotherapy. Due to its high efficacy, bicalutamide, a non-steroidal anti-androgen, has widespread use. However, its poor water solubility, low oral bioavailability, and nonspecific systemic exposure limit its application. To overcome these obstacles, our study explored the potential of non-carboxylated and carboxylated mesoporous carbon nanoparticles (MCN) as advanced drug carriers for bicalutamide (MCN/B and MCN-COOH/B). The physicochemical properties and release behaviour were thoroughly characterized. Functionalization with carboxylic groups significantly improved wettability, dispersion stability, as well as loading efficiency due to enhanced hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking interactions. Moreover, all systems exhibited sustained and near-infrared (NIR) triggered drug release with reduced burst-effect, compared to the release of free bicalutamide. Higher particle size and stronger drug-carrier interactions determined a zero-order kinetics and notably slower release rate of MCN-COOH/B compared to non-functionalized MCN. Cytotoxicity assays on LNCaP prostate cancer cells demonstrated that both MCN/B and MCN-COOH/B possessed comparable antiproliferative activity as free bicalutamide, where MCN-COOH/B exhibited superior efficacy, especially under NIR exposure. These findings suggest that MCN-COOH nanoparticles could be considered as a prospective platform for controlled, NIR-accelerated delivery of bicalutamide in prostate cancer treatment.
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Registered trials
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