Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40805940›Full record

ArticleHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Factors Associated with Perceived Racial Discrimination While Receiving Medical Care in the United States.

Elizabeth Ayangunna, Kingsley Kalu, Bushra Shah, Indira Karibayeva, Gulzar Shah

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Social Marketing for Health Equity: Promoting Preventive Health Behavior Among Women in Rural Communities.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Elizabeth AyangunnaIndependent Researchers, Statesboro, GA 30460, USA.
Kingsley KaluIndependent Researchers, Statesboro, GA 30460, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1753-6878
Bushra ShahDepartment of Health Policy and Community Health, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30460, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6282-1010
Indira KaribayevaDepartment of Health Policy and Community Health, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30460, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1796-2604
Gulzar ShahDepartment of Health Policy and Community Health, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30460, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0954-3418

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

Indexed as

cross-sectional studyhealthcare accesshealth equityHINTS surveylogistic regressionperceived racial discriminationracial disparitiessocial determinants of healthstructural racismUnited States

Identifiers

PMID40805940
PMCPMC12346563

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.