Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40805589›Full record

ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Biodegradable NR Latex Films with Lignocellulosic and Collagen Hydrolysate Fillers.

Magdalena Kmiotek, Mirosława Prochoń, Elżbieta Sąsiadek-Andrzejczak

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Magdalena KmiotekCentre of Papermaking and Printing, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 221 Street, 93-005 Lodz, Poland.
Mirosława ProchońInstitute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 16, 90-537 Lodz, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-5309-160X
Elżbieta Sąsiadek-AndrzejczakDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Informatics and Chemistry of Polymer Materials, Faculty of Material Technologies and Textile Design, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116 Street, 90-543 Lodz, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-9217-5056

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of the lignocellulose filler originating in wood and non-wood raw materials, alone or together with collagen hydrolysate, on the properties and biodegradation ability of natural rubber latex. The different hydrophobicity of the polymer matrix and natural filler makes it difficult to obtain a homogenous structure of the composite. However, the easy biodegradation of the natural filler is a sufficient reason to seek a compromise between its useful properties and the environmental safety of the material. The composites were filled with lignocellulose filler: pine, spruce, and birch wood flour or willow, raspberry, and mallow non-wood flour. Collagen hydrolysate was used as a substitute for lignocellulosic filler, together or alone. The mechanical properties of the composites, their hardness, and equilibrium swelling were studied. In order to determine the morphology and interactions between filler and latex, scanning electron microscopy together with infrared spectroscopy were engaged. The results revealed that after the incorporation of 4 phr of the filler, the increase in mechanical strength was observed even despite the lack of compatibility between the filler and polymer matrix. The lignocellulose filler is a promising agent because its biodegradability contributes to the overall environmental safety of the polymer material.

Indexed as

biodegradation abilitycollagen hydrolysatelignocellulose fillermechanical propertiesmorphologynatural rubber latex

Identifiers

PMID40805589
PMCPMC12348347

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.