ArticleAesthetic plastic surgery2025
Botulinum Toxin Injections to Improve Unsatisfactory Eyelid Appearance After Blepharoplasty Due to Periorbital Muscle Hyperactivity.
Article in Aesthetic plastic surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Chemical Decompensation for Frontalis-Driven Multiple Eyelid Folds After Revision Double-Eyelid Surgery.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPeriorbital muscle hyperactivity is a growing concern leading to unsatisfactory eyelid appearance after blepharoplasty. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of botulinum toxin in improving eyelid appearance after blepharoplasty with periorbital muscle hyperactivity.
methodsFifty-one patients received botulinum toxin injections to correct unsatisfactory eyelid appearance due to periorbital muscle hyperactivity, such as asymmetrical folds, eyebrow elevation, and undesirable fold contour. We used a strategy of overall relaxation of the periorbital muscles. The patients were divided into the eyebrow elevation group and the frowning group with the appropriate injection method. Patients were followed up at 3 months after injection to assess outcomes.
resultsOf 51 cases to correct unsatisfactory eyelid appearance after blepharoplasty, almost all could achieve satisfactory fold (94.1%). Of these, 32 patients were assigned to the eyebrow elevation group and 19 patients to the frowning group. After the physician assessed efficacy, 32 cases, 16 cases, and 3 cases were classified as excellent, good, and poor results at 3 months, respectively.
conclusionsThe unsatisfactory fold of the blepharoplasty caused by periorbital muscle hyperactivity can be corrected by botulinum toxin injections. To avoid assessing the eyelids in isolation, dynamic and comprehensive evaluations of the brow-eyelid continuum are required in clinical practice. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.