Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40804514›Full record

ArticleNature2025

Countrywide natural experiment links built environment to physical activity.

Tim Althoff, Boris Ivanovic, Abby C King, Jennifer L Hicks, Scott L Delp, Jure Leskovec

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Impacts of built environment changes on physical activity in Canada: a systematic review of natural experiments.Health promotion and chronic disease prevention in Canada : research, policy and practice · 2026
    Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Real-world walking and activity patterns in community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from the SMART-AGE trial.European review of aging and physical activity : official journal of the European Group for Research into Elderly and Physical Activity · 2026
    Article
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  9. Linking the exposome to the brain-behaviour phenotype.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2026
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Tim AlthoffAllen School of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. althoff@cs.washington.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-4793-2289
Boris IvanovicNVIDIA Research, Santa Clara, CA, USA.
Abby C KingDepartment of Epidemiology & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Jennifer L HicksDepartment of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Scott L DelpDepartment of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Jure LeskovecDepartment of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5411-923X

Funding

Training CoreU54EB020405 · NIBIB · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI DELP, SCOTT L · 2014 to 2018
$11.6M
TR&D Project 3: OpenSim for PredictionP41EB027060 · NIBIB · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI SCOTT L DELP · 2020 to 2026
$9.7M
SimTK: An Ecosystem for Data and Model Sharing in the Biomechanics CommunityR01GM124443 · NIGMS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI DELP, SCOTT L · 2018 to 2021
$1.9M
Gates Foundation INV-004841NIBIB NIH HHS P41 EB027060NIBIB NIH HHS U54 EB020405NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM124443
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

While physical activity is critical to human health, most people do not meet recommended guidelines

Indexed as

Built EnvironmentExerciseWalkingAdolescentAdultAgedBody Mass IndexCitiesFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedSmartphoneUnited StatesYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID40804514
PMCPMC12422959

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.