Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40804434›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Assessing chemical properties and heavy metals in groundwater resources in a developing country: a baseline study.

Md Saiful Islam, Md Kawsar Ahmed, Abdullah Al Bakky, Zulhilmi Ismail, Khalid A Ibrahim, Abubakr M Idris

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Md Saiful IslamCentre for River and Coastal Engineering (CRCE), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor, Bahru, 81310, Malaysia. msaifulpstu@yahoo.com.
Md Kawsar AhmedFaculty of Earth & Environmental Sciences, International Centre for Ocean Governance (ICOG), University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
Abdullah Al BakkyAgriculture wing, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh. albakky@bjri.gov.bd.
Zulhilmi IsmailCentre for River and Coastal Engineering (CRCE), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor, Bahru, 81310, Malaysia. zulhilmi@utm.my.
Khalid A IbrahimDepartment of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
Abubakr M IdrisDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia. dramidris@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4038-4769

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Less information is available on the physicochemical properties conferring groundwater quality in the ancient Capital of the Pundranagar region, Bangladesh. This study preliminarily evaluates the quality of groundwater beneath rivers, ponds, and rice fields in northern Bangladesh. Probable causes of heavy metals contamination in groundwater, health hazards, and spatial variations were evaluated. The concentration of nitrate nitrogen (NO

Indexed as

GroundwaterMetals, HeavyWater Pollutants, ChemicalBangladeshDeveloping CountriesEnvironmental MonitoringHumansRiversWater QualityMetals, HeavyWater Pollutants, ChemicalGroundwater qualityHealth riskHeavy metalsSource

Identifiers

PMID40804434
PMCPMC12350622

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.