ArticleScientific reports2025
Cow dung waste as an eco-friendly adsorbent for Alizarin Red S dye removal.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Eco-friendly tassel-derived activated carbon for efficient dye removal in wastewater treatment.Scientific reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In this study, cow dung waste (CDW), acid-treated cow dung waste (ATCDW), and base-treated cow dung waste (BTCDW) were evaluated for the removal of Alizarin Red S (ARS) from aqueous solutions using UV-Vis spectroscopy. The adsorbents were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) to understand their structural and surface properties. The adsorption optimal conditions for the adsorption of ARS were obtained as ARS concentration of 300 mg/L, pH of 2, temperature of 45 °C, and contact time of 100 min for CDW and ATCDW, 80 min for BTCDW respectively. The adsorption isotherms indicated that CDW and ATCDW followed the Freundlich model, suggesting a heterogeneous adsorption process, while the adsorption of ARS by BTCDW adhered to the Langmuir model, indicative of monolayer adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacities, calculated from the Langmuir model, were 58.24 mg/g for CDW, 87.54 mg/g for ATCDW, and 61.37 mg/g for BTCDW at 45 °C. Kinetic studies revealed that the adsorption of ARS onto CDW and ATCDW followed the pseudo-second-order model, while BTCDW adsorption was best described by the pseudo-first-order model. Thermodynamic analysis showed that the adsorption process was endothermic, with enthalpy values of 48.12 kJ/mol for CDW, 95.22 kJ/mol for ATCDW, and 7.55 kJ/mol for BTCDW. FT-IR analysis confirmed the presence of functional groups such as O-H, C=O, and C-O, which are associated with cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, facilitating dye interactions through electrostatic forces. These results suggest that cow dung waste, especially when treated, is a promising, cost-effective, and eco-friendly adsorbent for the removal of organic contaminants like ARS from wastewater.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.