Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40802860›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2026

Artemisinin Partial Resistance Mutations in Zanzibar and Tanzania Suggest Regional Spread and African Origins, 2023.

Sean V Connelly, Julia G Muller, Mohamed Ali, Billy E Ngasala, Wahida Hassan, Bakari Mohamed, Kyaw L Thwai, Jacob M Sadler, Jacob Marglous, Abebe A Fola and 19 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. AbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  3. Single-cell transcriptional changes of artemisinin-sensitive K13Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Artemisinin resistantmedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

29 authors.

Sean V ConnellyMD-PhD Program, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.ORCID 0000-0002-7330-7340
Julia G MullerDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.ORCID 0009-0009-0962-5975
Mohamed AliZanzibar Malaria Elimination Program, Zanzibar, Tanzania.
Billy E NgasalaDepartment of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Wahida HassanZanzibar Malaria Elimination Program, Zanzibar, Tanzania.
Bakari MohamedZanzibar Malaria Elimination Program, Zanzibar, Tanzania.
Kyaw L ThwaiDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
Jacob M SadlerDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.ORCID 0009-0001-6430-608X
Jacob MarglousDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.ORCID 0000-0002-3592-1382
Abebe A FolaDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.ORCID 0000-0001-5392-2859
Abdallah ZachariaDepartment of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.ORCID 0000-0001-9380-6158
Shija J ShijaZanzibar Malaria Elimination Program, Zanzibar, Tanzania.
Safia MohammedZanzibar Malaria Elimination Program, Zanzibar, Tanzania.
Dominick C MsoloDepartment of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Hamza SaidDepartment of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Editruda E PeterDepartment of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Melic OdasDepartment of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Isaack J RuthaDepartment of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Mwanaidi NwangeDepartment of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Karamoko NaireDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.
Shazia Ruybal-PesántezMRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom.
Robert VerityMRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-3902-8567
Rebecca CrudaleDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.ORCID 0000-0002-0789-4196
Varun GoelDepartment of Geography, University of South Carolina, Columbia.ORCID 0000-0002-2933-427X
Barbara B CholoiDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
Anders BjörkmanDepartment of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Jeffrey A BaileyDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.
Jessica T LinDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.ORCID 0000-0002-4516-723X
Jonathan J JulianoDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.ORCID 0000-0002-0591-0850

Funding

Importation and transmission of malaria in Zanzibar: a case study for eliminationR01AI155730 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI JULIANO, JONATHAN J, LIN, JESSICA · 2021 to 2024
$2.8M
Mentoring in Translational Malaria GenomicsK24AI134990 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Jonathan J Juliano · 2018 to 2026
$1.6M
Investigating the molecular mechanisms of Plasmodium vivax invasion in Duffy-negative hostsF30AI183592 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Sean Connelly · 2024 to 2026
$130k
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases F30AI183592National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases K24AI134990National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases R01AI155730NIAID NIH HHS F30 AI183592NIAID NIH HHS K24 AI134990NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI155730
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Artemisinin partial resistance, driven by Plasmodium falciparum K13 mutations, threatens malaria control. Zanzibar is vulnerable to artemisinin partial resistance spread but lacks recent molecular surveillance. We sequenced samples in Zanzibar and mainland Tanzania collected from 2022 to 2024. K13 mutations were found in 2 of 1440 participants (P441L, A675V) in Zanzibar and 6 of 3762 (R561H, P441L) in mainland Tanzania. Based on whole genome sequencing data, K13 mutations appear to be of African origin with regional spread. Frequent parasite importation appears to maintain partner drug mutation frequencies similar to the mainland, where artemether-lumefantrine selects for mutations favoring artesunate-amodiaquine sensitivity. Ongoing molecular surveillance remains essential to track these patterns.

Indexed as

AntimalarialsArtemisininsDrug ResistanceMalaria, FalciparumMutationPlasmodium falciparumAmodiaquineHumansTanzaniaWhole Genome SequencingAmodiaquineAntimalarialsartemisininArtemisininsantimalarial resistanceartemisininmalariaPlasmodium falciparumZanzibar

Identifiers

PMID40802860
PMCPMC13017645

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.