ArticleJAMA network open2025
Medicaid Coverage Policy Variations for Chronic Pain and Opioid Use Disorder Treatment.
Article in JAMA network open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Importance: Co-occurring chronic pain and opioid use disorder (OUD) are associated with a high disease burden for the patient, requiring comprehensive treatment approaches, yet Medicaid benefit structures for evidence-based therapies vary substantially across states. Objective: To develop a systematic framework for analyzing Medicaid coverage policy variations in behavioral and integrative health services for co-occurring chronic pain and OUD. Design, Setting, and Participants: This systematic economic evaluation reviewed Medicaid coverage policies in California, Illinois, Texas, North Carolina, and New York from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2023, representing states with a combined Medicaid enrollment of approximately 27.8 million beneficiaries in 2018 and growing to 35.9 million by 2023. Findings were applied to demonstrate methodology for future comparative policy effectiveness research. Exposures: Medicaid coverage and co-occurring chronic pain and OUD. Main Outcomes and Measures: Coverage status, authorization requirements, service limitations, and clinician qualifications for medications, behavioral health services, and integrative treatments. Results: Five states covering approximately 35.9 million Medicaid beneficiaries at peak enrollment were analyzed. All states provided full coverage for core medication classes and basic interventional procedures, although with varying authorization requirements. Behavioral health coverage showed policy divergence: peer support services were universally covered but differently implemented, with Texas limiting coverage to 104 units per 6 months. Four states (80%) covered cognitive behavioral therapy with varying session limits. Physical therapy was universally covered, while only 2 states (40%) provided acupuncture coverage. Conclusions and Relevance: In this economic evaluation, substantial Medicaid implementation variations were documented across behavioral and integrative health services, establishing foundation methodology for future comparative effectiveness research to examine relationships between policy approaches and patient outcomes.
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