ArticleNature reviews bioengineering2025
Light-based fabrication and 4D customization of hydrogel biomaterials.
Article in Nature reviews bioengineering, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Strain-Accelerated β-Thiolactone Native Chemical Ligation with Kinetic Control Enables Rapid and Selective Hydrogelation for Biofabrication.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2026Article
- BODIPY Photocage-Based Injectable Hydrogel for Light-Controlled Nanoparticle Release.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Nascent extracellular matrix: the missing piece in hydrogel design.Cell biomaterials · 2026Article
- Harnessing Lessons from Gel-Based and Advanced Biomaterial Therapeutics to Enable Direct Cellular Reprogramming.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Spatiotemporally programmed tissue regeneration via visible-light-responsive hydrogels: Biosafety-oriented design and applications.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Advances in In Vitro Vascularization of Engineered Tissues: From Microvessel Formation to Hepatic Tissue Integration.Regenerative therapy · 2026Article
- [Advances in application of hydrogels for treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head].Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2026Review
- A Nerve Cell Growth Promoting PEG-Peptide Block Copolymer and Photoresponsive Hydrogels with Tailorable Mechanical Properties and Feasible Degradability.ACS polymers Au · 2026Article
- Article
- Recent Advances in Smart Stimulus-Responsive Hydrogels for Precision Drug Delivery in Tumours.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Self-driving bioprinting laboratories.Biofabrication · 2026Review
- From Light to Life: Molecular Mechanisms and Macroscopic Transformations in Photoresponsive Hydrogels.Polymer science & technology (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Review
- 3D Printing of Enzymatically Softening Hydrogel Biomaterials.Regenerative engineering and translational medicine · 2025Article
- Enzymatic Methods for Assembling and Modifying Hydrogel Biomaterials.Regenerative engineering and translational medicine · 2025Article
- Mitochondrial Oxygen Consumption and Immunocytochemistry of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cell Following 808 nm PBM Therapy: A 3D Cell Culture Study.Journal of biophotonics · 2025Article
- Bridging the Gap: Unlocking the Potential of Biofabrication for Applications in In Vitro Testing.Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids · 2025Review
- Digital light processing of photoresponsive and programmable hydrogels.Science advances · 2025Article
- Matrix Stiffness and Biochemistry Govern Colorectal Cancer Cell Growth and Signaling in User-Programmable Synthetic Hydrogels.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2025Article
- Rapid and Inexpensive Image-Guided Grayscale Biomaterial Customization via LCD Printing.Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A · 2025Article
- Photoresponsive Chemistries for User-Directed Hydrogel Network Modulation to Investigate Cell-Matrix Interactions.Accounts of chemical research · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Light has become an essential tool to make and manipulate living systems in the increasingly intertwined fields of cell biology and materials science. With the ever-expanding interdisciplinary nature of current scientific research and the ongoing hunt for orthogonal, high-precision stimuli for biomaterial synthesis and modification, light has emerged as the gold standard with its low cytotoxicity and high bioorthogonality, enabling the modulation of properties in both 3D space and time (that is, 4D). Not only can light govern when and where changes occur, dosage modulation permits control over the extent of material customization, providing a route to engineered constructs approaching the 4D complexity of native tissue. Recent technological innovations span advances in stereolithography, digital light processing, volumetric bioprinting, multiphoton lithography and grayscale fabrication. Material chemistries have matched pace with the technologies: novel photochemistries permit the building of dynamic materials with complex mechanical and biochemical functionalities, such as on-demand protein activation, rapid gel formation/degradation and immobilization/release of signalling factors. Herein, we discuss the union of rapid light-based manufacturing and photoresponsive chemistries and highlight future opportunities using photochemistry in the design and user-defined customization of hydrogel biomaterials. We anticipate that these areas will continue to evolve in tandem and be influenced by new insights from traditionally disparate disciplines (such as protein engineering and inorganic chemistry), facilitating further discoveries in cellular development and disease progression, as well as orchestrating advanced tissue construction.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.