BIO-SPEC: An open-source bench-top parallel bioreactor system.

Laurens Parret, Kenneth Simoens, Jo De Vrieze, Ilse Smets

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in HardwareX, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

Modular Open-Source Stirred Tank Reactor (MOSTR), an Internet of Things (IoT) system for engineering education.HardwareX · 2026
Article

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Laurens ParretKU Leuven - Department of Chemical Engineering, Chemical and biochemical Reactor Engineering and Safety (CREaS), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F box 2424, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.

Kenneth SimoensKU Leuven - Department of Chemical Engineering, Chemical and biochemical Reactor Engineering and Safety (CREaS), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F box 2424, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.

Jo De VriezeCenter for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B- 9000 Ghent, Belgium.

Ilse SmetsKU Leuven - Department of Chemical Engineering, Chemical and biochemical Reactor Engineering and Safety (CREaS), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F box 2424, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The BIO-SPEC is an open-source, cost-effective, and modular bench-top bioreactor system designed for batch, sequencing batch, and chemostat cultivation. Featuring thermoelectric condensers to eliminate the need for a chiller, it ensures stable long-term operation. Controlled by a Raspberry Pi, the BIO-SPEC offers flexibility in headplate design, gas supply, and feeding strategies, making it a versatile alternative to high-cost commercial systems. This paper details the design, construction, and validation of the BIO-SPEC system, demonstrating its potential to advance microbiology and bioprocessing research through accessible and reliable hardware at a fraction of the cost of commercial systems.

Indexed as

BioreactorChemostatMicrobiologyOpen-sourceRaspberry PiSequencing batch

Identifiers

PMID40799503

DOI10.1016/j.ohx.2025.e00670

PMCPMC12341735

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.