Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40796823›Full record

SynthesisBMC pulmonary medicine2025

Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis: a meta-analysis of observational studies.

Fen Tan, Chenyu Li, Jingyi Hu, Shanshan Liu, Weijun Peng, Hong Peng, Can Hou, Chao Wu, Zhiguang Zhou, Yang Xiao

Abstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC pulmonary medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Fen TanDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
Chenyu LiThe National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
Jingyi HuThe National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
Shanshan LiuThe National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
Weijun PengDepartment of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
Hong PengDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
Can HouThe National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
Chao WuThe National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
Zhiguang ZhouThe National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
Yang XiaoThe National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China. xiaoyang29@csu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3927-1839

Funding

National Key Research and Development Program of China 2018YFE0114500the National Natural Science Foundation of China 82270891the Natural Science Foundation of Changsha kq2202404the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province for Youths 2022JJ40689
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a serious respiratory complication observed in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, and people with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at an increased risk of developing severe COVID-19. However, whether DM is a risk factor for post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis (PCPF) remains unknown.

methodsWe conducted a meta-analysis of observational studies to evaluate the association between DM and the development of PCPF. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for relevant studies published before February 1, 2023, without language or publication type restrictions. We calculated odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) to compare the prevalence of DM among COVID-19 patients with PCPF with that among non-PCPF controls.

resultsThis meta-analysis included a total of 5,088 COVID-19 patients. We found a significant association between DM and the development of PCPF (OR = 2.18, 95% CI: 1.15-4.13, P < 0.001), with high heterogeneity among the studies (I

conclusionsThis meta-analysis offers evidence supporting a correlation between DM and the development of PCPF among COVID-19 patients. Despite the considerable heterogeneity in this studies, this research retains significant implications for the clinical management of COVID-19 patients. DM is a potential risk factor for PCPF. It is imperative for clinicians to remain vigilant regarding the development of PCPF in COVID-19 patients who complicated with DM.

Indexed as

COVID-19Diabetes ComplicationsDiabetes MellitusPulmonary FibrosisHumansObservational Studies as TopicRisk FactorsSARS-CoV-2COVID-19Diabetes mellitusMeta-analysispost-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosisPrevalence

Identifiers

PMID40796823
PMCPMC12341327

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.