ArticleCardiology2025
Identification of Hypoxia-Related Genes in Human Myocardial Infarction and Cancers.
Article in Cardiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
introductionMyocardial infarction (MI) and cancer collectively account for over 50% of global mortality. Recent studies have revealed multiple associations between these two diseases, including chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, with particular focus on hypoxia-mediated signaling pathways. In ischemic myocardium, oxygen deprivation triggers apoptosis, fibrosis, and pathological tissue reorganization; in the tumor microenvironment (TME), hypoxia drives angiogenesis, metabolic reprogramming, and immune evasion. Thus, identifying differentially expressed genes related to hypoxia in MI may provide new targets for the treatment of MI and cancer.
methodsThe specimens from MI patients in this study were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Using the "limma" package in R and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), a set of hypoxia-related differentially expressed genes was screened out. Subsequently, these hub genes were subjected to functional enrichment analysis, and their expression levels were verified in an independent dataset. Finally, transcriptional regulatory analysis and immune infiltration analysis were conducted for the hub genes, and their expression levels and prognostic values in various cancers were evaluated.
resultsIn MI samples, nine genes, namely Immediate Early Response 3 (IER3), Heme Oxygenase 1 (HMOX1), Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A), Plasminogen Activator Urokinase Receptor (PLAUR), MAF BZIP Transcription Factor F (MAFF), Solute Carrier Family 2 Member 3 (SLC2A3), Jun Proto-Oncogene (JUN), Transforming Growth Factor Beta Induced (TGFBI), and 6-Phosphofructo-2-Kinase/Fructose-2,6-Biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3), were found to demonstrate significant dysregulation and to be closely associated with the occurrence of various cancers. Pan-cancer analysis further revealed the association of hub genes with cancer prognosis. Immune analysis also revealed their associations with resting CD4+ memory T cells and gamma delta T cells in TME.
conclusionIER3, HMOX1, CDKN1A, PLAUR, MAFF, SLC2A3, JUN, TGFBI, and PFKFB3 are potential biomarkers for MI and cancer. Research on hypoxia-related genes may provide new therapeutic targets for these two diseases.
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