ArticleCerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)2025
Longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging reveals differences in cortical expansion in fetuses with congenital heart defects.
Article in Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Brain volumes in fetuses with congenital heart disease and placental vascular abnormalities.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
For children with congenital heart disease (CHD), differences in brain structure are already present at birth. Cortical surface area and gyrification increase dramatically over the third trimester, and cortical expansion has been hypothesized to drive brain folding. This study sought to quantify differences in cortical expansion in fetuses with CHD and typically developing controls. Fetal magnetic resonance imaging was conducted at early (26-31 weeks) and late (34-39 weeks) gestational time points, and cortical surfaces were reconstructed using a high resolution, motion-corrected pipeline. For fetuses with reconstructions at both time points (36 CHD, 24 control), anatomically-constrained multimodal surface matching (aMSM) was used to generate individualized maps of cortical surface expansion. Global analysis revealed significant reductions in total cortical expansion and gyrification index among CHD fetuses. Furthermore, expansion maps revealed high expansion in the lateral temporal lobes of control fetuses that was reduced in fetuses with CHD, consistent with previous reports of atypical folding in this region. This study is the first to reveal spatiotemporal patterns of cortical expansion in typical and atypical fetal development. This detailed understanding of cortical growth trajectory may improve understanding of functional deficits associated with specific cortical areas and inform clinical interventions for patients with CHD.
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