Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40792536›Full record

ArticleBrain and behavior2025

Comparison of Subjective and Objective Sleep Quality in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome.

Fatemeh Kashaninasab, Mahboobeh Khoozan, Mir Farhad Ghalebandi, Kaveh Alavi

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Brain and behavior, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Comparison of Sleep Architecture in Individuals Aged 65 to 80 Years With and Without Mild Cognitive Impairment Using Multi-Channel Sleep Monitoring.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Fatemeh KashaninasabMental Health Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4463-7399
Mahboobeh KhoozanMental Health Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6968-1498
Mir Farhad GhalebandiMental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute (PHRI), Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3934-9619
Kaveh AlaviMental Health Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3367-3052

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis study aims to compare subjective and objective sleep quality in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), given the high prevalence of this sleep disorder that can affect sleep quality.

methodThis research enrolled 195 individuals diagnosed with OSA, with an Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI) of 5 or higher based on polysomnography. Participants completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire for subjective sleep quality. Objective sleep quality derived from sleep efficiency reported in overnight polysomnography.

findingsAn analysis of sleep efficiency showed that 12.8% of people had poor-quality sleep. The PSQI was also used to measure subjective sleep quality, and 64.1% of respondents reported having poor sleep quality. No significant correlation was observed between sleep efficiency and PSQI scores. Obesity has a negative correlation (ρ = -0.168, p = 0.019) with sleep efficiency, highlighting the effect of BMI on sleep fragmentation. Male sex was linked to a lower risk of poor objective sleep quality, according to logistic regression analysis (adjusted OR = 0.314, 95% CI = 0.113-0.872). Frequent use of sleeping pills was linked to a lower probability of experiencing subjectively poor sleep quality (adjusted OR = 0.077, 95% CI = 0.024-0.243).

conclusionThis study highlights that a significant portion of OSA patients have poor sleep quality, subjectively. Although sleep efficiency is an important objective metrics, its lack of correlation with subjective sleep quality in this population highlights the complexity of assessing sleep health and the need for comprehensive evaluation tools in these patients.

Indexed as

Sleep Apnea, ObstructiveSleep QualityAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedObesityPolysomnographySurveys and Questionnairesobjective sleep qualityPittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)sleep apneasleep efficiencysubjective sleep quality

Identifiers

PMID40792536
PMCPMC12340704

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.