Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40791698›Full record

ArticlemedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences2025

Choline and betaine concentrations in plasma predict dietary choline intake in healthy humans: a double-blind randomized control feeding study.

Isis Trujillo-Gonzalez, David A Horita, Julie Stegall, Rachel Coble, Evan M Paules, Anju A Lulla, Emmanuel Baah, Teodoro Bottiglieri, Wei Sha, Martin Kohlmeier and 2 more

Abstract readPreprint
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Isis Trujillo-GonzalezNutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4239-4795
David A HoritaNutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
Julie StegallNutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
Rachel CobleNutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
Evan M PaulesNutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8344-818X
Anju A LullaNutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
Emmanuel BaahNutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
Teodoro BottiglieriCenter of Metabolomics, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, Texas, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4199-7551
Wei ShaDepartment of Cancer Biostatistics, Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA.
Martin KohlmeierNutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
Walter B FridayNutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
Steven H ZeiselNutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9282-161X

Funding

UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CLINICAL NUTRITION RESEARCH UNITP30DK056350 · NIDDK · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Venkata Saroja Voruganti · 1999 to 2026
$31.6M
Nutrigenetic analysis of choline status biomarkersR01DK115380 · NIDDK · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI ZEISEL, STEVEN H · 2018 to 2021
$2.8M
NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK056350NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK115380
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Choline is an essential nutrient, and insufficient intake negatively affects organs such as the liver, brain, and muscles. In the United States, average choline intake remains below the Adequate Intake (AI) (550 mg/day men, 425 mg/day women). Although conventional dietary assessment tools can identify people who are eating diets low in choline, no metabolite biomarkers have been proven to reliably assess choline intake. Objective: We tested whether plasma concentrations of choline and its metabolites could determine dietary choline intake. We also assessed whether liver elastography (Fibroscan) could detect diet-induced changes in liver fat. Methods: In a double-blind, randomized, crossover feeding study, participants adhered to 3 distinct dietary patterns for 2-wk intervals, delivering approximately 100%, 50%, and 25% of the choline AI. On Day 12 of each dietary arm, in addition to the food supplied, subjects consumed a single bolus of 2.2 mmol trimethyl-d Results: Plasma concentrations of d Conclusion: Plasma choline and betaine concentrations are robust biomarkers of dietary choline intake under controlled feeding. These findings support targeted metabolite profiling to improve choline intake assessment and reveal induvial variability in liver response to low choline intake.

Indexed as

betainecholinedietary intake biomarkersfatty liver

Identifiers

PMID40791698
PMCPMC12338933

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.