Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40790132›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

A highly efficient triple band metasurface enabled absorber for 5G/6G millimeter wave applications.

Fatima Younis, Owais Khan, Jawad Ahmad, Muhammad Javed Qasim, Heng Luo, Shiliang Wang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Fatima YounisSchool of Physics, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, China.
Owais KhanDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad-Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan.
Jawad AhmadDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering and Digital Science, Nazarbayev University, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan.
Muhammad Javed QasimSchool of Physics, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, China.
Heng LuoSchool of Electronics Information, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, China. luohengcsu@csu.edu.cn.
Shiliang WangSchool of Physics, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, China. shiliang@mail.csu.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study presents a tri-band metasurface absorber (MSA) based on a dual elliptical geometric resonator with an enclosed circular structure. Designed on a low-cost FR-4 substrate, the proposed MMA consists of an elliptical resonator with a strip line shape at the top and a full ground plane at the bottom. To achieve tri-band absorption, a multi-resonance topology incorporating two symmetrical elliptical resonators and a metallic strip is optimized. The unit cell measures 5.8 × 5.8 × 1.5 mm³ (0.54λ₀ × 0.54λ₀ × 0.140λ₀ at the lowest frequency of 28 GHz). A detailed parametric analysis is conducted to examine the impact of the unit cell's geometric variations on the reflection and absorption coefficients. Rotating the metallic strip by 90° in the multi-resonant metasurface structure enabled the transition from single-band to tri-band absorption. Under normal incidence, the proposed MMA exhibits three absorption peaks at 28 GHz, 33 GHz, and 38 GHz, with high absorption rates of 99%, 98%, and 99%, respectively. The MSA is further analyzed under transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarized waves, demonstrating polarization-insensitive behavior. The unit cell response is also investigated using an equivalent circuit model and surface current analysis. To validate the design, the unit cell is extended into a metasurface array and fabricated for experimental evaluation. The measured results confirm absorption rates of 97%, 95%, and 99.6% at 28 GHz, 33 GHz, and 38 GHz, aligning well with simulated predictions. The combination of high absorption efficiency, polarization stability, and low-cost fabrication makes the proposed MSA suitable for tri-band 5G/6G millimeter-wave applications.

Indexed as

5G applicationsDual elliptical resonatorsMetasurfaceMulti bandTriple band absorber

Identifiers

PMID40790132
PMCPMC12340113

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.