Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40788911›Full record

ArticlePloS one2025

Pneumococcal vaccination at 65 years and vaccination coverage in at-risk adults: A retrospective population-based study in France.

Benjamin Wyplosz, Benjamin Grenier, Nicolas Roche, François Roubille, Paul Loubet, Ariane Sultan, Bertrand Fougère, Jérôme Fernandes, Didier Duhot, Bruno Moulin and 3 more

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Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Observational
  5. Review
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Benjamin WyploszAP-HP, Hospitalisation à Domicile, Département Adulte, Institut Pasteur, Centre Médical, Paris, France.
Benjamin GrenierEpidemiology Department, Heva, Lyon, France.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2373-1872
Nicolas RocheAP-HP, Pneumology, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France.
François RoubillePhyMedExp, University Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Cardiology, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France.
Paul LoubetVirulence Bactérienne et Infections Chroniques, INSERM U1047, University Montpellier, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CHU Nîmes, Nîmes, France.
Ariane SultanPhyMedExp, University Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition Department, University Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
Bertrand FougèreDivision of Geriatric Medicine, Tours University Hospital, Tours, France.
Jérôme FernandesMedical Information Department, Bayonne Hospital, Bayonne, France.
Didier DuhotSociété Française de Médecine Générale, Issy les Moulineaux, France.
Bruno MoulinNephrology and Transplantation, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France.
Fanny RaguideauEpidemiology Department, Heva, Lyon, France.
Emmanuelle BlancPfizer Vaccines, Paris, France.
Gwenael GoussiaumePfizer Vaccines, Paris, France.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesAge (> 50 years) is a risk factor for pneumococcal disease, but is not an indication for vaccination in France, by contrast to influenza. In 2018, the pneumococcal vaccine coverage rate (VCR) was 4.5% in adults at-risk, in contrast to the influenza VCR, which was 43.6%. We aimed to assess pneumococcal and influenza VCR in 2020 in the entire French population and factors associated with a higher VCR (including the age of 65 years).

methodsWe retrospectively included all adults covered by the National Health Service in 2020 and identified patients at-risk using validated algorithms. We assessed VCRs by analysing pneumococcal vaccines reimbursed between 2009 and 2020 (13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine [PCV13] and 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine [PPSV23]), and influenza vaccines reimbursed between September 2020 and March 2021.

resultsIn 2020, we identified 7,336,769 adults at risk (median age: 67.0 years): 84.2% had comorbidities and 24.5% were immunocompromised. The overall pneumococcal VCR (PCV13 + PPSV23) was 9.9% and the seasonal influenza VCR was 51.1%. The variable associated with the highest odds of VCR was an "age ≥65 years" for influenza (odds ratio [OR] 4.14), but not for pneumococcal vaccination (OR 1.02). In patients with comorbidities, pneumococcal VCR did not significantly increase between those aged 18-65 years and those aged > 65 years (7.2% to 9.4%), and even decreased from 20% to 17.9% in patients with immunodeficiencies. In contrast, influenza VCR increased significantly from 35.5% to 67.9% (OR 3.55) in patients with comorbidities, and from 27.3% to 71.2% (OR 5.57) in those with immunodeficiencies.

conclusionIn France, pneumococcal VCR did not increase above 65 years of age (OR 1.02), by contrast to influenza VCR (OR 4.14) that increased significantly, suggesting that an age-based recommendation for pneumococcal vaccination will probably benefit to VCR in at-risk, elderly population.

Indexed as

Pneumococcal InfectionsPneumococcal VaccinesVaccinationVaccination CoverageAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleFranceHumansInfluenza, HumanInfluenza VaccinesMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRisk Factors13-valent pneumococcal vaccine23-valent pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccineInfluenza VaccinesPneumococcal Vaccines

Identifiers

PMID40788911
PMCPMC12338810

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.