Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40788560›Full record

ArticleJournal of occupational rehabilitation2026

Return to Work or Not: The Paths to Psychiatric Disability and Back.

Päivi Rissanen, Sami Pirkola, Turkka Näppilä, Tino Karolaakso, Helena Leppänen, Sari Fröjd, Reija Autio

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of occupational rehabilitation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Päivi RissanenFaculty of Social Sciences (Unit of Health Sciences), Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland. paivi.rissanen@tuni.fi.
Sami PirkolaFaculty of Social Sciences (Unit of Health Sciences), Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland.
Turkka NäppiläTampere University Library, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
Tino KarolaaksoFaculty of Social Sciences (Unit of Health Sciences), Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland.
Helena LeppänenDepartment of Psychiatry, The Wellbeing Services County of Pirkanmaa, Tampere, Finland.
Sari FröjdFaculty of Social Sciences (Unit of Health Sciences), Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland.
Reija AutioFaculty of Social Sciences (Unit of Health Sciences), Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland.

Funding

The Finnish National Research Fund 9V052
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesMental health-related work disability has increased in Europe, despite efforts to promote individuals´ work ability. We examined individuals´ occupational status before and after a psychiatric disability pension (DP).

methodsThe study comprises individuals granted a DP for the first time between 2010 and 2012 in Finland (N = 18,373). We used modern methods to cluster the sequences of individuals´ occupational status before and after temporary (n = 8615) or permanent (n = 9758) psychiatric DP. We compared socioeconomic, illness and health care system-related factors between nine groups, formed by sequence analysis utilizing multinominal regression analysis.

resultsThe analysis identified typical groups of temporary pensioners: after steady working careers, periods of unemployment and from mixed states. Severity of health and mental health problems, socioeconomic and occupational status, pension system-related factors as well as treatment or rehabilitation varied between the groups. Individuals with temporary DPs (tDP) appeared mainly to either remain disabled (74% of the study tDP) or return to the same status they had before disability: to work (17%) or unemployment (8%). A steady working career, high education and received psychotherapy and rehabilitation all promoted returning to work. Among young adults, severity of the illness and lack of occupational education were risk factors for long-term disability.

conclusionsAmong those with tDP, circles of disadvantage may exist. They relate to unemployment, poor mental and somatic heath, low education, poverty, and failure of rehabilitative efforts. Especially young adults with severe mental disorders require not only rehabilitation but also educational support.

Indexed as

Mental DisordersPersons with DisabilitiesReturn to WorkAdultFemaleFinlandHumansMaleMiddle AgedPensionsRisk FactorsSeverity of Illness IndexSocioeconomic FactorsUnemploymentYoung AdultDisability pensionMental disorderSequence analysisUnemploymentWork disability

Identifiers

PMID40788560
PMCPMC13364870

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.