ArticleFrontiers in immunology2025
Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting immune-related thyroid dysfunction during immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer: a prospective cohort study in China.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Advances in immunotherapy for thyroid malignancies: from molecular targets to clinical outcomes.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved survival for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, but immune-related adverse events (irAEs), like immune-mediated thyroid dysfunction (IMTD), have been reported. IMTD causes irreversible thyroid damage, affecting NSCLC patients' quality of life. This study aims to explore IMTD risk factors and develop a Nomogram to predict IMTD risk at 6, 12, and 24 months. Methods: Data from 1,917 NSCLC patients from Chongqing University Cancer Hospital treated with ICIs were randomly split into training (70%) and validation (30%) cohorts. After variable selection, a Nomogram with 11 common clinical variables was built from the training cohort. The validation cohort was used to assess the model comprehensively using the Time C-index, Time AUC, Delong test, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA) to ensure its clinical effectiveness. Results: IMTD occurred in 343 (17.89%) patients. Among the 11 model factors, Age (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01 - 1.04), Female (OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.31 - 2.42), Mono (OR = 3.52, 95% CI: 1.72 - 7.17), and TCHO (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.03 - 1.24) were significant IMTD risk factors. WBC and FT4 were protective factors (OR = 0.9, 95% CI: 0.83 - 0.98 and OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90 - 0.97). The Nomogram showed good predictive accuracy and generalizability in both cohorts, with C - indices of 0.77 (95% CI: 0.74 - 0.80) and 0.72 (95% CI: 0.67 - 0.78), and AUC values above 0.7. Kaplan - Meier curves confirmed its effective IMTD risk stratification. Conclusion: The developed Nomogram has good predictive performance and can identify high-risk IMTD patients. The web calculators are user-friendly, providing a basis for early clinical intervention to reduce IMTD incidence.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.