Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40787228›Full record

ArticleInfection and drug resistance2025

Trends in Antibiotic Resistance in Uropathogens at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (2019-2024): A Retrospective Study.

Joel Bazira, Nalumaga Pauline Petra, Constance Nakimuli Nakato, Abel W Walekhwa, Brenda Nakazibwe, Simon Kawuma

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infection and drug resistance, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Joel BaziraDepartment of Microbiology, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda.ORCID 0000-0001-7600-7514
Nalumaga Pauline PetraDepartment of Microbiology, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda.ORCID 0009-0007-1264-4910
Constance Nakimuli NakatoDepartment of Microbiology, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda.ORCID 0009-0006-3749-2952
Abel W WalekhwaScience, Technology, Innovation Secretariat, Office of the President, Kampala, Uganda.ORCID 0000-0001-9690-4650
Brenda NakazibweIDEMU Mathematical Modeling Unit, Kampala, Uganda.
Simon KawumaDepartment of Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections globally, with significant morbidity and rising antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of uropathogens and their antimicrobial resistance patterns at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH) in Uganda. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 939 urine culture- positive records from January 2019 to December 2024 was conducted. Isolates were identified, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the disc diffusion method. Data on patient demographics, uropathogen distribution, and resistance trends of organisms with greater than or equal to 25 isolates were analyzed using Python-based statistical methods, including Chi-square and Mann-Kendall trend analysis. Results: Conclusion: This study underscores the urgent need for routine culture and sensitivity, and updated treatment guidelines to address the rising AMR among uropathogens in Uganda.

Indexed as

antibiotic resistancemultidrug resistanceurinary tract infectionsuropathogens

Identifiers

PMID40787228
PMCPMC12333652

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.