ArticleADMET & DMPK2025
Monolayer graphene/platinum-modified 3D origami microfluidic paper-based biosensor for smartphone-assisted biomarkers detection.
Article in ADMET & DMPK, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Paper-Based Biosensors for Monitoring Binding, Blocking, and Surrogate Neutralizing Antibody Responses Against Viral Infections.Biosensors · 2026Review
- MWCNT-Au/Pt-modified screen-printed electrode for electrochemical detection of secondary metabolites inRSC advances · 2026Article
- Graphene-supported Pd/Pt nano-catalysts for enhanced colorimetric detection of dopamine and NADH using paper-based microfluidic devices.ADMET & DMPK · 2026Article
- Paper-Based Microfluidic Devices: A Powerful Strategy for Rapid Detection.Micromachines · 2025Review
- Electrochemical and colorimetric sensing of P-xylene using doped CScientific reports · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Background and purpose: Imbalances in biomarkers such as dopamine and NADH are linked to neurological and metabolic disorders, including Parkinson's disease, depression, and stroke, underscoring the need for rapid and accessible diagnostics. This study presents a smartphone-assisted, 3D origami microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD) modified with photochemically synthesized graphene/platinum (G/Pt) nanocatalysts for multiplex colorimetric detection of dopamine and NADH. Experimental approach: G/Pt catalysts were prepared using 2.5 to 10 mM Pt precursors under UV irradiation. μPADs were laser-printed on commercial-grade filter paper, patterned, and folded into three layers of 3D Origami. Key results: The optimized 10 mM G/Pt catalyst significantly improved reaction rates (18× faster), leading to a rapid detection time constant of 6.69 and 4.59 s for dopamine and NADH, respectively. Furthermore, the utilization of 10 mM G/Pt catalyst increased colour intensity (2.48×) on the μPAD platform. An application for smartphones integrated with an image processing algorithm was developed using Kotlin to enable automatic quantification of colorimetric signals from saturation and hue channels for dopamine and NADH, respectively. The detection exhibited the lowest mean absolute percentage errors of 0.52 and 0.07 % as well as a limit of detection of 0.56 and 0.99 mM for dopamine and NADH, respectively. Conclusion: The 3D origami structure facilitates efficient fluid handling and multiplex detection, while the nanocatalyst modification improves pore infiltration and sensitivity. This work demonstrates, for the first time, a cost-effective, portable, and high-performance biosensor for dual biomarker detection, offering substantial promise for point-of-care diagnostics in neurological and metabolic health monitoring.
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