ReviewDigestive diseases and sciences2026
Ubiquitous Environmental Exposures and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Narrative Review.
Review in Digestive diseases and sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- PFOS exposure is linked to immune-metabolic disruption in MASLD: integrated population, computational, and experimental evidence.Molecular diversity · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most prevalent and deadly cancers worldwide. Chronic liver disease is the most established risk factor for HCC, but environmental exposures are increasingly recognized as contributor. In this narrative review, we sought to analyze data linking three substances to HCC: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), and cadmium.
methodsWe performed a literature search of MEDLINE for this narrative review. Two reviewers screened titles and abstracts for relevance. We focused on articles published within the last three years.
resultsPAH, PFAS, and cadmium have been linked to chronic liver disease, liver injury, and to a lesser extent, HCC. Major limitations in existing data are small sample sizes, lack of longitudinal follow up (most studies are cross-sectional), and heterogeneity in the species assayed and the methods of assay.
conclusionsFurther studies in large, prospective cohorts with longitudinal follow up are needed. Given existing evidence linking these substances to liver injury and HCC, a multi-faceted prevention and intervention strategy is needed, incorporating research, public education and engagement, legal frameworks, decontamination and medical interventions to mitigate deleterious effects of these substances.
Indexed as
Identifiers
40783888What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.