ArticleBMC cancer2025
Cachexia index as a biomarker for cancer cachexia and quality of life in patients with gastric cancer.
Article in BMC cancer, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Systemic Inflammatory Biomarkers and Cancer-Associated Cachexia: A Narrative Review.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Review
- Prognostic value of cachexia index in HR +/HER2 - metastatic breast cancer treated with CDK4/6 inhibitors.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- The prognostic value of cachexia index in patients with lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a propensity score matching analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Dietitian-led individualized pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy is associated with favorable nutritional and immune-inflammatory profiles in pancreatic cancer: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- From complex algorithms to clinical practice: a multicenter machine learning model and simplified decision tree for predicting cachexia risk in gastric cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundCachexia is associated with adverse clinical outcomes in patients with gastric cancer (GC); therefore, a convenient and reliable method for monitoring cachexia is essential. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of the cachexia index (CXI) as a biomarker for estimating cancer cachexia and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in GC patients.
methodsThe CXI was calculated as the skeletal muscle index (SMI) × serum albumin / neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Diagnosis of cachexia was based on Asian Working Group for Cachexia (AWGC) criteria and Fearon's criteria. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out to identify potential risk factors related to cancer cachexia and HRQoL respectively. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic value in identifying cancer cachexia, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was calculated.
resultsThis study comprised a total of 431 patients diagnosed with GC, including 309 males (71.7%) and 122 females (28.3%), with a median age of 68 years. Compared to patients without cachexia, the CXI values were significantly lower in those with cachexia defined by either the AWGC criteria or Fearon's criteria (p < 0.001). After adjusting for potential confounding factors in the multivariate logistic analysis, CXI was found to be independently associated with AWGC-defined cachexia (OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.97-0.99, p < 0.001), but not with Fearon-defined cachexia (OR = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.99-1.01, p = 0.601). Based on ROC curve analysis, the AUC was 0.752 for males and 0.717 for females, with cut-off CXI values of 74.46 and 43.80 for identifying AWGC-defined cachexia, respectively. Patients with low CXI demonstrated greater severity in major aspects of HRQoL, and low CXI was independently associated with poor HRQoL (OR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.05-3.07, p = 0.033).
conclusionsCXI could serve as a useful biomarker for evaluating cancer cachexia and HRQoL in patients with GC.
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