Clinical impact of hepatitis delta virus coinfection on liver fibrosis in hepatitis B patients: a population-based study.

Sisi Yang, Qiaofeng Ye, Yida Yang, Zhenxuan Ma

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Virology journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

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0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

Clinical and Pathophysiological Considerations Related to the Impact of Bulevirtide, a New Entry Inhibitor, in HBV-HDV Infection.Viruses · 2026
Review

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Sisi YangDepartment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

Qiaofeng YeDepartment of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.

Yida YangDepartment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. yidayang65@zju.edu.cn.

Zhenxuan MaDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA. zma1@iu.edu.

Funding

National Key Research and Development Program of China No. 2022YFC2304500

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEvaluation of liver fibrosis appears to be easily overlooked in the clinic for the chronic Hepatitis D. Herein, we determine the Clinical Impact of liver fibrosis among HBsAg-positive/Anti-HDV positive US general adults.

methodsData were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2020. Liver fibrosis was assessed by the Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) and aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI) score. To minimize confounding, propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to compare HBV/HDV-coinfected and HBV-monoinfected individuals.

resultsOut of 107,622 NHANES adults, 54,550 were tested for HBsAg and Anti-HDV, of whom 214 were identified as HBsAg-positive only, 50 were identified as HBsAg-positive/Anti-HDV-positive with available data for FIB-4/APRI. Mean APRI scores were 0.26 for the Non-Viral Hepatitis (NVH) group, 0.37 for the HBV group, and 0.42 for the HBV + HDV group. Corresponding mean FIB-4 scores were 1.07, 1.34, and 1.58, respectively. After PSM, HDV-infected individuals exhibited significantly higher fibrosis scores compared to HBV-positive individuals.

conclusionHepatitis D is more severe than hepatitis B, with a higher propensity to progress to liver fibrosis. These findings highlight the importance of routine fibrosis screening in HBsAg-positive/anti-HDV-positive individuals to prevent advanced liver disease.

Indexed as

CoinfectionHepatitis BHepatitis B, ChronicHepatitis DHepatitis D, ChronicLiver CirrhosisAdultAgedAspartate AminotransferasesFemaleHepatitis B Surface AntigensHepatitis B virusHepatitis Delta VirusHumansMaleMiddle AgedAspartate AminotransferasesHepatitis B Surface AntigensAPRIFIB-4Hepatitis b virusHepatitis d virusLiver fibrosisNational health and nutrition examination surveyPropensity score matchingViral hepatitis

Identifiers

PMID40783705

DOI10.1186/s12985-025-02908-2

PMCPMC12335798

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.