SynthesisBMC neurology2025
Efficacy and safety of remote electrical neuromodulation in migraine: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Practice-Based Consensus Amongst Indian Neurologists: Adopting Remote Electrical Neuromodulation for Effective Management of Migraine.Advances in therapy · 2026Article
- Moderate to Severe Acute Migraine Attacks: An Opinion Paper on the Use of Triptans and Triptan-NSAIDs Combinations in Individualized Treatment Plans.Neurology and therapy · 2026Review
- Headache service quality in Egypt: current status, identified gaps, and strategic directions.Frontiers in neurologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMigraine is a disabling disorder characterized by recurrent severe headache attacks. Non-invasive neuromodulation can be employed in the prevention and/or acute treatment of migraine. Remote electrical neuromodulation (REN), a type of non-invasive neuromodulation, is an effective and safe at-home treatment for migraine. It stimulates peripheral nerves in the upper arm to trigger conditioned pain modulation.
methodsWe searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library for clinical trials and observational studies that assess the efficacy of REN in patients with migraine attacks. Statistical analysis was performed using Review Manager version 5.4.1 and Open Meta Analyst software.
resultsOur study included 12 studies with 9912 migraine patients. In the single-arm meta-analysis, 64% (95% CI: 0.62 to 0.65), and 22% (95% CI: 0.213 to 0.237) of patients experienced a reduction in pain and pain-free status at 2 h, respectively. Additionally, 59% (95% CI: 0.548 to 0.637), and 54% (95% CI: 0.471 to 0.609) of patients reported sustained pain relief and sustained pain-free status at 24 h, respectively. Marked functional improvement was achieved in 59% (95% CI: 0.577–0.607) of patients within 2 h post-treatment with REN, and 54.6% (95% CI: [0.519 to 0.574]) reported the disappearance of their most bothersome symptom (MBS). Device-related adverse events were reported in 0.4% (95% CI: 0.003 to 0.005) of patients. In double arm meta-analysis, pain-free status at 2 h had an odds ratio (OR) of 2.77 (95% CI: 1.63 to 4.71). While device-related adverse events had an OR of 1.45 (95%CI: 0.42 to 4.94).
trial registrationCRD42024596712
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