Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40782611›Full record

ReviewPoultry science2025

Nutrient requirements and feeding management for ostrich during breeding and production: A comprehensive review.

Muhammad Zeeshan Akram, Zeshan Ali, Hassan Jalal, Muhammad Awais Sarfraz, Muhammad Umair Asghar, Abdul Rauf, Ludovica Maria Eugenia Mammi, Paolo Pezzi, Melania Giammarco, Isa Fusaro

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Poultry science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Muhammad Zeeshan AkramNutrition and Animal-Microbiota Ecosystems Laboratory, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Heverlee 3000, Belgium. Electronic address: muhammad.akram@kuleuven.be.
Zeshan AliLaboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Belgium.
Hassan JalalDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo 64100, Italy.
Muhammad Awais SarfrazDepartment of Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
Muhammad Umair AsgharDepartment of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, The Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 25 Norwida St., 51-630 Wrocław, Poland.
Abdul RaufUniversity of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang Campus, Jhang 35200, Pakistan.
Ludovica Maria Eugenia MammiNutrition and Animal-Microbiota Ecosystems Laboratory, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Heverlee 3000, Belgium; Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. Electronic address: ludovica.mammi@unibo.it.
Paolo PezziDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo 64100, Italy.
Melania GiammarcoDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo 64100, Italy.
Isa FusaroDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo 64100, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ostrich farming has emerged as a significant contributor to the livestock industry, driven by the high value of its meat, hides, feathers, and oil in international markets. With an average egg production of 40 eggs per season and yielding 58.59% carcass on live weight, ostriches offer substantial economic benefits. The nutritional needs of ostriches evolve across different life stages, impacting growth and reproductive performance. As herbivores capable of digesting high-fiber diets, ostriches thrive on roughage and pasture, with a digestive system similar to other poultry. Essential nutrients, including 20-24% crude protein (CP) and 12-19% crude fiber, are critical for optimal development, particularly in early growth, where their feed conversion ratio is 2:1. As ostriches reach sexual maturity, maintaining a diet rich in amino acids, vitamins, and carbohydrates becomes vital for optimizing fertility and reproductive performance. This review provides a detailed overview of ostrich nutrient requirements across different growth stages, focusing on how energy and protein levels affect overall growth and productivity. It also explores the importance of feeding management practices in enhancing ostrich health and performance, offering insights for improving commercial ostrich farming.

Indexed as

Animal HusbandryAnimal Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaDietNutrientsNutritional RequirementsStruthioniformesAnimal FeedAnimalsBreedingNutrientsBreedingLivestockMeatNutritionProduction

Identifiers

PMID40782611
PMCPMC12356471

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.