ArticleMedical physics2025
Converging lens radiotherapy (CLRT) employing kilovoltage x-ray source: Treatment planning study.
Article in Medical physics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Converging lens radiotherapy (CLRT) employing kilovoltage x-ray source: Treatment planning study.Medical physics · 2025Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundConverging lens radiotherapy (CLRT) is a novel radiotherapy modality employing a lens which produces a nearly monoenergetic x-ray beam at 60 keV to focus radiation on deep-seated tumors, enabling highly precise dose delivery. PURPOSE: This study represents the first comparison of CLRT treatment plan quality to conventional intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT). The goal is to provide a proof-of-concept of CLRT treatment planning and to evaluate whether CLRT could potentially offer improved organ-at-risk (OAR) sparing and target coverage.
methodsThe physical CLRT prototype system was developed by Convergent Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery Ltd. (CRnR) in Haifa, Israel, under the product name AngelCure. We initially characterized the CLRT beam model using Monte Carlo simulations, validating it with film dosimetry of the physical beam. Subsequently, we developed a 3D dose computation algorithm and novel inverse, non-coplanar treatment planning for CLRT inside the open-source radiation treatment planning platform matRad. Two prototype lenses with different focal spot sizes (A
resultsCLRT demonstrated variable OAR dose sparing. In the CNS case, both lenses showed better hypothalamus sparing, with 0% of the volume receiving 400 cGy or more compared to 91% for Linac. For the Thoracic case, Lens A achieved 0% of esophagus volume receiving more than 1000 cGy, versus 11% for Linac. In the GU case, Lens A delivered at least 400 cGy to 0% of rectum volume, compared to 17% with Linac. CLRT demonstrated potentially better or comparable plan quality metrics, with Lens A showing perfect conformity (CI = 1.00) in the CNS case and Lens B demonstrating the steepest dose gradient (GI = 240%/cm).
conclusionsThis study serves as a first proof-of-concept of the treatment capabilities of a novel CLRT x-ray system. The system demonstrated, in this limited set of plans, better OAR dose sparing compared to conventional Linac-based plans across 3 different anatomical sites, accompanied by similar, and possibly better, plan quality metrics (CI, TCI, CN, GI), while maintaining comparable target coverage.
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