Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40781376›Full record

ArticleAesthetic plastic surgery2025

Potential of AI Chatbots in Online Hair Transplantation Consultations: A Multi-metric Assessment of Three Models.

Jiaxian Zhang, Ying Sun, Yihong Rong, Haoyang Li, Botian Jiang, Chen Zhao, Hongwei Liu

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Aesthetic plastic surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jiaxian Zhang *Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Department of Plastic Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Institute of New Technology of Plastic Surgery of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
Ying Sun *Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 350180, Penang, Malaysia.
Yihong RongThe First Clinical Medicine School of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510062, China.
Haoyang LiDepartment of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
Botian JiangDepartment of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
Chen ZhaoKey Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Department of Plastic Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Institute of New Technology of Plastic Surgery of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
Hongwei LiuKey Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Department of Plastic Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Institute of New Technology of Plastic Surgery of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China. liuhongwei0521@hotmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe use of artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots has demonstrated considerable promise in assisting medical consultations. However, their potential for application in online hair transplantation consultations remains largely unexplored.

objectivesThis study aims to assess the effectiveness of AI chatbots in responding to patient inquiries during online hair transplantation consultations.

methodsWe evaluated responses to 10 common patient questions collected from online hair transplantation clinics, comparing answers generated by three AI chatbots-ChatGPT-4o mini, Claude 3.5 Sonnet, and Gemini Advanced-with those from senior surgeons. Each response was scored based on medical accuracy, empathy, understandability, actionability, and readability, with a focus on determining how well AI can match or exceed human expert performance.

resultsAll three AI chatbots matched or outperformed the response capabilities of senior surgeons in medical accuracy, empathy, understandability, actionability, and readability. Among them, Gemini Advanced showed the most comprehensive advantages, including significantly higher scores in medical accuracy (4.5 vs. 3.9, P < .001), empathy (4.9 vs. 2.5, P < .001), and understandability (82.7% vs. 63.9%, P < .001). Additionally, Gemini Advanced demonstrated a lower Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (10.5 vs. 18.7, P < .001) and higher Flesch Reading Ease Score (40.3 vs. 16.2, P < .001), suggesting better readability.

conclusionAI chatbots show strong potential for use in online hair transplantation consultations, providing accurate, empathetic, and easily understandable responses. Nevertheless, challenges such as privacy concerns, ethical considerations, and potential biases need to be addressed before their adoption in clinical practice. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceHairAdultFemaleGenerative Artificial IntelligenceHumansMaleMiddle AgedArtificial intelligence (AI)ChatbotHair transplantationOnline consultationTelemedicine

Identifiers

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.