ArticleBMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation2025
Relationships between types of balance performance in 3-to-6-year-old preschoolers: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Association between physical activity of different intensities and balance ability in preschool children: gender and age differences.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Associations of locomotor task performance with static and dynamic balance in pre-school children aged 3-6 years: an age-adjusted cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBalance is often considered task-specific, as indicated by studies correlating several types of balance performance across age groups. Preschool years constitute a critical period for balance development, yet comprehensive data during this stage remain limited. Therefore, this study aimed to (1) investigate the association between types of balance performance in preschool children and (2) examine age-specific aspects of balance performance in preschoolers.
methodsFour balance types were assessed in 619 preschoolers (aged 3 to 6 years): static steady-state (one-legged stance, OST), dynamic steady-state (10-meter walk, 10MWT), proactive (functional reach test, FRT), and reactive (push and release test, PRT). Pearson's correlation coefficients (r) were calculated to determine associations between balance types, and a one-way analysis of variance was used to evaluate differences across age groups (3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, and 5.5 years).
resultsSmall-sized correlations existed between four balance performance (-0.113 ≤ r ≤ 0.327, p < 0.01). Significant correlations were observed between static and dynamic steady-state balance (-0.207 ≤ r ≤ -0.359), static steady-state and proactive balance (+ 0.216 ≤ r ≤ + 0.510), and dynamic steady-state and proactive balance (-0.210 ≤ r ≤ -0.264) in most age groups. Age positively affected all balance tests: OST (η
conclusionsSmall-sized correlations suggest that balance performance is task-specific in preschool children. Balance ability improves gradually with age, showing different development patterns. These findings demonstrate that distinct balance types lack mutual predictability during early development. Therefore, comprehensive evaluation and enhancement of preschoolers' balance require separate assessment for each balance type and age-specific task design.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.