ArticleBMC nephrology2025
Comparative analysis of melatonin's protective role against flattening filter and flattening filter-free X-ray induced nephropathy: focus on apoptosis and SIRT1 modulation.
Article in BMC nephrology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundRadiation-induced nephropathy is a major concern, particularly for patients undergoing radiotherapy. This study investigates melatonin's (MEL) protective effects against kidney damage induced by Flattening Filter (low dose rate-LDR) and Flattening Filter Free (high dose rate-HDR) X-ray by focusing on apoptosis and SIRT1 modulation in rats.
methodsForty rats were divided into five groups (n = 8): Group 1 (control), Group 2 (FF-LDR, 400MU/min), Group 3 (MEL + FF-LDR), Group 4 (FFF-HDR, 1400MU/min), and Group 5 (MEL + FFF-HDR). Groups 3 and 5 received 10 mg/kg MEL intraperitoneally 15 min before an 8 Gy abdominal irradiation. Rats were sacrificed 48 h post-radiotherapy for histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses of the kidney.
resultsThe FFF-HDR group showed fewer atypical glomeruli and lost brush borders, and epithelial connections compared to the FF-LDR group. The MEL + FFF-HDR group had significantly fewer atypical glomeruli and brush border losses than the MEL + FF-LDR group. Additionally, while SIRT1 expression increased in both the FF and FFF groups following MEL treatment, this increase was significant only in the MEL + FFF-HDR group compared to the control group. MEL pretreatment effectively decreased cellular apoptosis in both MEL + FFF-HDR and MEL + FF-LDR groups.
conclusionsMelatonin has been proven to be an effective radioprotective agent against renal nephropathy and cellular apoptosis induced by FF and FFF beams. Additionally, pre-treatment with MEL has been shown to enhance SIRT1 expression, thereby protecting the kidneys from acute radiation damage, particularly from high-dose rate radiation.
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