ArticleNature communications2025
Regional heterogeneity of the blood-brain barrier.
Abstract read
In one paragraph
Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- The sleep-deprived blood-brain barrier: Does the Brain's gatekeeper adapt or merely fail slowly?Neurobiology of sleep and circadian rhythms · 2026Review
- "Morphological, Functional, and Molecular Progression of Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease".Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2026Review
- Transient weakening of the blood-brain barrier in neonatal mice.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2026Article
- Dynamics of Myelin-Specific T-Cell Repertoires Mirror Disease Activity and Central Nervous System Trafficking in Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Systematic Design and Evaluation of Nasal Drug Delivery for Central Nervous System Disease from Experimental to Clinical Application.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- FcγR- and CD9-dependent synapse-engulfing microglia in the thalamus drive cognitive impairment following cortical brain damage in mice.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Multilayer Proteome and Metabolome-Based Validation Uncovers Combined Regulatory Roles and Predictive Values of 6 RNA Modifications and Cellular Senescence in Alzheimer's Disease.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Transcriptomic characters of cochlear vascular cells with pericyte-driven angiogenetic activity.Angiogenesis · 2026Article
- Mapping neuro-vascular unit communications reveals distinct angiogenic programs across developing mouse brain regions.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Topographical Variation of Iron-Rimmed Lesions in the Multiple Sclerosis Brain and Spinal Cord: A Neuropathological Study.Annals of neurology · 2026Article
- Transcriptomic characters of cochlear vascular cells with pericyte-driven angiogenetic activity.Research square · 2026Article
- Development of the blood-brain barrier.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2026Review
- Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals age-related remodeling of brain endothelial cells.Aging brain · 2026Article
- Defining neurovascular ecosystem states with single-cell multi-omics and machine learning: insights into cerebrovascular remodeling in the tumor context.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- Precision Drug Delivery Strategies for Treatment-Resistant Depression: Opportunities and Challenges of FUS-BBBO and Spatial Molecular Profiling.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
- Overcoming Biological Barriers: A Comprehensive Review of Advanced Melatonin Delivery Systems for Therapeutic Applications.International journal of medical sciences · 2026Review
- Neuroimmune mechanisms of the cerebellum-brainstem network in autoimmune encephalitis and related neuroimmune disorders: antibody targets, selective vulnerability, and translational opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
23 authors.
Marie BlanchetteDepartments of Pharmacology and Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1187-8700
Kaja BajcDepartments of Pharmacology and Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Benjamin D GastfriendDepartments of Pharmacology and Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4677-1455
Caterina P ProfaciDepartments of Pharmacology and Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4073-2164
Nadine RuderischAbbVie, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Cayce E DorrierDepartments of Pharmacology and Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Guo ZhongDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Raquel Cuevas-Diaz DuranTecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, N.L, Mexico.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4257-3184
Sean S HarveyDepartments of Pharmacology and Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2153-8235
Iris H Garcia-PakDepartments of Pharmacology and Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Lucija PintarićDepartments of Pharmacology and Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4577-7334
Manon LeclercAxe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
Louise ReveretAxe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
Vincent ÉmondAxe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
Annette WangDepartment of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Deepti PantDepartment of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Linus T TsaiDepartment of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0134-6949
Frédéric CalonAxe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4203-0887
Nina IsoherranenDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9548-3126
Sean P PalecekDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Eric V ShustaDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Jiaqian WuDepartment of Neurosurgery & Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA.
Richard DanemanDepartments of Pharmacology and Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. rdaneman@health.ucsd.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7749-6353
Funding
Transgenic CoreP30DK046200 · NIDDK · TUFTS MEDICAL CENTER · PI CORKEY, BARBARA E. · 1992 to 2021
$25.0MBIOTECHNOLOGY TRAINING PROGRAMT32GM008349 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI FOX, BRIAN G · 1989 to 2019
$22.5MP&F programP30DK135043 · NIDDK · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI Aaron S Leong · 2023 to 2026
$5.4MBlood Cells in Hemostasis and ThrombosisT32HL086344 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI GINSBERG, MARK HOWARD · 2008 to 2023
$4.4MIdentifying Novel Molecular Targets for Chronic SCIR01NS088353 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI JIaqian Wu-Huber · 2015 to 2026
$4.0MMechanisms of Regulation of Retinoic Acid HomeostasisR01GM111772 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI ISOHERRANEN, NINA · 2014 to 2021
$3.0MThe role of interferon regulatory factors in tanycytes during HFD-induced inflammation, obesity and glucose dysregulationR01DK128406 · NIDDK · BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER · PI Linus Tzu-Yen Tsai · 2022 to 2026
$2.7MRegulation of blood-brain barrier formation and function by EHDsR01NS091281 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI DANEMAN, RICHARD · 2015 to 2019
$1.9MInvestigating Pericyte Roles in Blood-Brain Barrier FormationR01NS103844 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI SHUSTA, ERIC V · 2018 to 2022
$1.9MMechanisms of Regulation of Retinoic Acid HomeostasisR01DK143511 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Nina Isoherranen · 2025 to 2026
$1.2MIllumina NovaSeq 6000 Sequencing SystemS10OD026929 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI JEPSEN, KRISTEN LYNN · 2019 to 2019
$600kDelineating the Heterogeneity of Reactive Astrocytes in Spinal Cord InjuryR21NS113068 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI WU-HUBER, JIAQIAN · 2020 to 2020
$428kNational Science Foundation (NSF) 1747503NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL086344NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK046200NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK135043NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK128406NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK143511NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM111772NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM008349NIH HHS S10 OD026929NINDS NIH HHS F32 NS134680NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS088353NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS091281NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS103844NINDS NIH HHS R21 NS113068U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Eye Institute (NEI) EY028647U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) HL086344U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) AI036214U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) GM008349U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) GM111772U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) NS091281U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) NS103844U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) NS113068U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) NS134680
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB), formed by specialized endothelial cells (ECs), regulates the extracellular composition of the central nervous system (CNS). Little is known about whether there are regional specializations of the BBB that may control the function of specific neural circuits. We use single cell RNA-seq to characterize ECs from nine CNS regions in male mice: cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum, spinal cord, striatum, thalamus, hypothalamus, midbrain, and medulla/pons. Although there is a core BBB transcriptional profile, there are significant regional specializations. Stra6, a retinoid transporter, is highly enriched in the BBB of the nucleus accumbens shell (ShNAc) and ventral cochlear nucleus, and is controlled by dietary vitamin A, through endothelial RARƔ. EC Stra6 regulates the deposition of retinoids specifically in the ShNAc and cochlear nucleus, and is required for the function of the ShNAc, in a retinoid-dependent manner. Thus regional specializations of the BBB can regulate the function of local brain regions.
Indexed as
Blood-Brain BarrierAnimalsBrainEndothelial CellsMaleMembrane ProteinsMiceMice, Inbred C57BLNucleus AccumbensReceptors, Retinoic AcidRetinoidsSingle-Cell AnalysisVitamin AMembrane ProteinsReceptors, Retinoic AcidRetinoidsVitamin A
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
None linked
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.