Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40781169›Full record

ArticleClinical rheumatology2025

Clinical Characteristics, Imaging Patterns and Management in Male and Female Patients with Primary Sjögren's Syndrome-associated Interstitial Lung Disease.

Guanning Zhong, Congcong Zhang, Weiwei Xie, Xiaorui Ding, Naihui Wan, Tong Ji, Suwan Chen, An Yuan, Xiaoyan Xin, Jinghong Dai

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Clinical rheumatology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Guanning ZhongDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Congcong ZhangDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Weiwei XieDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Xiaorui DingDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Naihui WanDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Tong JiDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Suwan ChenDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
An YuanDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Xiaoyan XinDepartment of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. xinxy98@163.com.
Jinghong DaiDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. daijinghong@nju.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3165-0623

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 82170076
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe influence of sex on primary Sjögren's disease-associated interstitial lung disease (pSjD-ILD) remains poorly understood. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the sex-related differences in the clinical characteristics and outcomes of pSjD-ILD.

methodsConsecutive patients with pSjD-ILD in Nanjing University Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital from November 2007 to November 2022 were enrolled. Demographics, comorbidities, laboratory parameters, imaging patterns, pulmonary function tests, and treatments were compared between male and female patients. Kaplan-Meier method was used to assess survival. Cox proportional hazards model was employed to identify prognostic factors.

resultsA total of 125 male and 433 female patients were enrolled. Male patients had a higher prevalence of pulmonary hypertension (33.0% vs 20.6%, p = 0.014), overall cancer (14.4% vs 6.7%, p = 0.006), and radiological usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP, 28.0% vs 16.2%, p = 0.003). They also had higher usage of antifibrotic drugs (24.8% vs 16.2%, p = 0.027). In contrast, female patients had higher positive rates for antinuclear antibody (83.6% vs 73.6%, p = 0.011) and anti-Ro52 antibody (59.8% vs 44.8%, p = 0.003). No differences existed in the total ESSDAI score between male and female patients. Follow-up data showed that male patients had higher 3-year (32.3% vs 18.0%, p = 0.003) and 5-year mortality (52.4% vs 35.0%, p = 0.006) compared to female patients. Multivariate Cox model indicated that age (HR 1.058, p < 0.001) and UIP (HR 1.874, p = 0.009) were significant prognostic factors.

conclusionsIn pSjD-ILD, male patients tend to have more severe pulmonary manifestations, higher frequencies of pulmonary hypertension and cancer, and poorer outcomes compared to female patients. Key points • Male pSjD-ILD patients were more likely to suffer from pulmonary hypertension and cancer than their female counterparts. • Radiological UIP pattern was more frequently observed in male patients with pSjD-ILD than in female patients. • Male patients with pSjD-ILD had higher 3-year and 5-year mortality than female patients.

Indexed as

Lung Diseases, InterstitialSjogren's SyndromeAdultAgedChinaFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisProportional Hazards ModelsRespiratory Function TestsRetrospective StudiesSex FactorsTomography, X-Ray ComputedInterstitial lung diseasePrimary Sjögren’s syndromePrognosisSex differencesUsual interstitial pneumonia

Identifiers

PMID40781169

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.