Observational studyCanadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie
Matching males and females undergoing Shouldice repair using a prospective, longitudinal design.
Observational study in Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03986060 (Shouldice Hospital Outcome Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Shouldice Hospital Outcome Study
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSex differences in chronic postsurgical pain have been reported, with the main findings indicating that females experience a greater incidence and severity of pain than males; however, it remains unclear to what these sex differences are attributable. We sought to compare pain and related psychological factors between a matched sample of male and female patients 3 months and 1 year after Shouldice repair.
methodsMale and female participants who underwent Shouldice repair were manually matched 1:1 and compared on 10 variables: age, body mass index, smoking status, preoperative depression and anxiety scores, living status (alone or with others), American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status health classification, preoperative chronic pain, preoperative hernia pain, preoperative pain catastrophizing scores, and nerve handling during surgery. Data on pain were collected from questionnaires administered 3 months and 1 year postoperatively, and data on participant clinical characteristics were collected from operative notes and patient charts.
resultsThere were 28 matched male-female pairs at 3 months and 21 at 1 year. The average age preoperatively was 56.18 ± 12.48 years. At 3 months postoperative, 18 females and 6 males had pain (
conclusionAfter matching on important confounders, sex differences were found in pain frequency, duration, incidence, and severity at 3 months after Shouldice repair. However, by 1 year after surgery the differences were no longer significant.
trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov # NCT03986060.
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