ArticleBMJ open2025
Coverage rates and reasons for pneumococcal vaccination among adults with chronic medical conditions and the elderly in Japan: a web-based, cross-sectional study.
Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in older adults in Japan after the introduction of the childhood PCV13.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Uptake of Shingles, Influenza, COVID-19 and Pneumococcal Vaccination in Patients with Inflammatory Arthritis: A Three-Centre Study.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Improving Pneumococcal Vaccination Rates During Hospitalization via Resident Education Intervention: A Hospital-Based Quality Improvement Project in a Teaching Community Hospital.Journal of community hospital internal medicine perspectives · 2026Article
- Burden of microbial pathogens-associated infectious diseases in Asian older adults: a systematic analysis derived from the global burden of disease 2021.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) is included in the routine immunisation programme for adults aged 65 years and those aged 60-64 years with serious chronic medical conditions (CMCs). To improve the vaccination coverage rates, a catch-up subsidy programme was implemented by the Japanese government from October 2014 to March 2024, which resulted in no improvement in the coverage rates. For further facilitation of pneumococcal vaccination, research is warranted to understand public attitudes toward pneumococcal vaccination by assessing coverage rates and reasons for vaccination among not only the subsidy-eligible population but also in individuals aged 19-64 years with CMCs who self-pay for pneumococcal vaccination.
designNationwide, cross-sectional survey.
settingA web-based questionnaire study using a validated consumer panel in Japan.
participantsJapanese adults aged 19-64 years with CMCs and those aged ≥65 years registered in the consumer panel as of March 2023. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Vaccine coverage rates, reasons for receiving or not receiving the vaccination, willingness of unvaccinated individuals to receive the vaccine in the future under the current vaccination programme and factors associated with pneumococcal vaccination coverage rates.
resultsVaccination coverage rates were 12.4% in those aged 19-49 years, 3.2% in those aged 50-59 years and 4.0% in those aged 60-64 years with CMCs and 55.1% in those aged ≥65 years (61.6% and 52.9% in those with and without CMCs, respectively). The majority (89.1%) of unvaccinated participants aged 19-64 years with CMCs had a positive or neutral attitude towards receiving future pneumococcal vaccinations. Among vaccinated individuals, 79.0% of those aged 19-64 years with CMCs and 56.0% of those aged ≥65 years reported that they had received a doctor's recommendation. Doctors' recommendation was the most common reason for receiving the vaccine among participants aged 19-64 years with CMCs (35.1%), whereas notification from the municipality was the most important reason among those aged ≥65 years (46.1%).
conclusionsData from this study suggest that recommendations from doctors are crucial for increasing coverage rates of pneumococcal vaccines, particularly among adults aged 19-64 years with CMCs. The majority of unvaccinated participants in this group had a positive or neutral attitude towards future vaccination, highlighting the importance of strong recommendations by doctors. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: jRCT1030220606.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.