Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40780517›Full record

ArticleUrology2025

Outcomes Following Metoidioplasty and Phalloplasty Gender Affirming Surgery With Urethral Lengthening: A Modified Delphi Consensus Study.

Gaines Blasdel, Mang L Chen, Jens Berli, Geolani Dy, Daniel Dugi, Miroslav Djordjevic, Marta Bizic, Lee Zhao, Loren Schechter, Richard Santucci and 13 more

Abstract readConsensus Statement
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Urology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors.

Gaines BlasdelUniversity of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI.
Mang L ChenGU Recon, San Francisco, CA.
Jens BerliDepartment of Plastic Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR.
Geolani DyDepartment of Urology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR.
Daniel DugiDepartment of Urology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR.
Miroslav DjordjevicDepartment of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Department of Urology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
Marta BizicDepartment of Pediatric Urology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
Lee ZhaoDepartment of Urology, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY.
Loren SchechterWeiss Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL.
Richard SantucciCrane Center for Transgender Surgery, Austin, TX.
Jeremy B MyersDivision of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT.
Isak GoodwinDivision of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT.
Dmitriy NikolavskyDepartment of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY.
Toby MeltzerThe Meltzer Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ.
Andrew WattThe Buncke Clinic, San Francisco, CA.
Joseph PariserDepartment of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.
Brad FiglerDepartment of Urology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC.
William KuzonSection of Plastic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.
Miriam Hadj-MoussaDivision of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.
Benjamin McCormickDivision of Urology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT.
Lee K BrownDartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH.
John F NigrinyDartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH.
Rachel A MosesDartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH. Electronic address: rachel.a.moses@dartmouth.edu.

Funding

Risk-Benefit Decision Making in Metoidioplasty and Phalloplasty Surgeries (MaPS)R01DK137994 · NIDDK · DARTMOUTH-HITCHCOCK CLINIC · PI Rachel A Moses · 2024 to 2026
$969k
NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK137994
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo generate surgeon consensus on metoidioplasty and phalloplasty gender-affirming surgery outcomes statements using a modified Delphi method. MATERIALS AND

methodsWe invited metoidioplasty and phalloplasty gender-affirming surgery surgeons to anonymously participate in a two-round web-based Delphi survey to generate consensus on patient centered outcome statements generated from surgeon practice patterns, literature review, and patient input. Consensus was predefined as at least 70% agreement. Surgeons were asked to provide open ended feedback on statements which were thematically analyzed and used to revise statements not reaching consensus for a second-round survey.

resultsTwenty-one metoidioplasty and phalloplasty surgeons were invited and 16 (76%) reviewed 39 statements in round one and 17/20 (85%) reviewed 10 statements in round two. Following round two, nearly all statements reached consensus: 14/15 (93%) of statements on metoidioplasty, 11/12 (92%) of radial forearm phalloplasty statements and 12/12 (100%) of anterolateral thigh phalloplasty statements. We found that 12/12 (100%) statements on sexual health, 8/8 (100%) statements on nonurinary complications, and 16/18 (89%) statements on urinary outcomes met consensus.

conclusionIn a modified web-based Delphi survey, surgeons reached consensus on nearly all outcome statements. Variations in surgeon experience, length of follow up, and reporting of outcomes contribute to different definitions of urinary complications. Results from this study will help create decision making tools for individuals considering metoidioplasty and phalloplasty.

Indexed as

Gender-Affirming SurgeryPenisUrethraDelphi TechniqueFemaleHumansMalePhalloplastyTreatment Outcome

Identifiers

PMID40780517
PMCPMC13186265

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.