Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40779315›Full record

ArticleJMIR research protocols2025

Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Using a Social Robot in Residential Care for Individuals With Challenges in Daily Structure and Planning: Protocol for a Multiple-Baseline Single Case Trial and Health Economic Evaluation.

Kirstin N van Dam, Marieke F M Gielissen, Nienke M Siebelink, Ghislaine A P G van Mastrigt, Wouter den Hollander, Brigitte Boon

Abstract read
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Article in JMIR research protocols, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Kirstin N van DamAcademy Het Dorp, Research & Advisory on Technology in Long-term Care, Arnhem, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-1550-7184
Marieke F M GielissenAcademy Het Dorp, Research & Advisory on Technology in Long-term Care, Arnhem, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-9943-8197
Nienke M SiebelinkAcademy Het Dorp, Research & Advisory on Technology in Long-term Care, Arnhem, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-4710-1071
Ghislaine A P G van MastrigtCare and Public Health Research Institute (Research School CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-8053-5512
Wouter den HollanderTrimbos Institute, Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-0061-9511
Brigitte BoonAcademy Het Dorp, Research & Advisory on Technology in Long-term Care, Arnhem, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-9340-9304

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundA substantial number of individuals in disability care experience challenges with daily structure and planning and require 24-7 support. The use of a social robot might decrease their need for support from care professionals, leading to improved well-being of individuals with disabilities and increased work engagement for care professionals.

objectiveThis paper presents the research protocol for an effectiveness study and a health economic evaluation from a societal perspective on the use of a social robot by individuals experiencing challenges with daily structure and planning who are living in long-term disability care facilities in the Netherlands.

methodsWe will assess the effectiveness of social robot care in reducing the level of support provided by care professionals in a multiple-baseline single case study. In total, 30 participants will be randomly allocated to 1 of 4 clusters, determining the baseline length (2, 3, 4, or 5 weeks) of a 13-week study period, and a 2-week follow-up will be conducted 6 months after participants start using the robot. During baseline, participants will receive care as usual. After baseline, participants will use the robot as part of their care plan. For each participant, 3 to 5 personal goals will be formulated, and attainment of these goals will be evaluated weekly. A health economic evaluation from a societal perspective will be performed to assess the cost-effectiveness.

resultsThis study was funded in July 2023. As of October 2024, we enrolled 29 participants. Data collection is planned to be finished in the third quarter of 2025. Data analysis will be performed from the second quarter of 2025. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at international conferences in 2026.

conclusionsWe will provide insights into the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of social robot care for individuals living in Dutch residential care facilities, aimed at enabling them to live more independently, reducing pressure on Dutch care professionals in times of growing staff shortages in long-term care, and allowing care facilities to make informed decisions about implementing such a technology. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/67841.

Indexed as

Cost-Benefit AnalysisPersons with DisabilitiesResidential FacilitiesRoboticsActivities of Daily LivingFemaleHumansLong-Term CareMaleNetherlandsassistive technologycost of illnesseffectivenessexecutive dysfunctionhealth economic evaluationindependencesocial robot

Identifiers

PMID40779315
PMCPMC12374132

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.