ArticleThe Journal of school health2025
When to Eat and When to Play: Variations in Recess and Lunch Scheduling Within a State 40-Min Recess Policy.
Article in The Journal of school health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- When to Eat and When to Play: Variations in Recess and Lunch Scheduling Within a State 40-Min Recess Policy.The Journal of school health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLittle is known on the implementation of school recess policies to explore the policy-to-practice gap and to ultimately promote quality recess for all students. The purpose was to determine recess scheduling in a state requiring 40 min of daily recess.
methodsA cross-sectional document analysis of public elementary schools' recess schedules from the 2023 to 2024 school year (n = 526 available schools). Schedules by grade level were compared between school grades, rurality, and minority enrollment.
resultsSchedules were obtained from 113 (n = 535 grade-level schedules) schools. Overall, 51.4% of grades received two daily recess periods. The average total duration of recess was 34.4 (SD 11.8) minutes. A total of 43% of grades had recess before lunch. Upper grades had a shorter recess duration compared to lower grades (B -1.2 min, p = 0.009) and were more likely to have their first recess in the afternoon (OR 4.8, p < 0.001). Urban (p = 0.017) and high minority enrollment (p = 0.020) schools were more likely to have recess immediately following lunch. IMPLICATIONS FOR SCHOOL HEALTH POLICY, PRACTICE, AND EQUITY: Schools should consider providing equal opportunities for recess duration and scheduling across grades and consider options for recess before lunch.
conclusionsRecess scheduling varies in frequency, duration, and timing within one state-level recess requirement.
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