Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40778448›Full record

ArticleBiomacromolecules2025

Engineering Bonding Types and Macromeric Cross-Linkers in the Network To Modulate the Structures and Properties of Polydextran/Chitosan Hybrid Hydrogels.

Pei-Han Lin, Tzu-Ying Wang, Yi-Cheun Yeh

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biomacromolecules, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Pei-Han LinInstitute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
Tzu-Ying WangInstitute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
Yi-Cheun YehInstitute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0003-4576-8665

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hybrid hydrogels are versatile biomaterials, and cross-linkers are the key for tailoring their characteristics. However, the bonding types in the network and the hydrophobic chain lengths of cross-linkers remain underexplored. This study introduces formylbenzoic acid-modified PEG (PEG-FA), which further reacts with adipic acid (AA), sebacic acid (SA), and tetradecanedioic acid (TDA) to create cross-linkers with varying hydrophobic segments. PEG-FA and its derivatives are used as aldehyde-functionalized macromeric cross-linkers to react with polydextran hydrazide (PDH) and quaternized chitosan (QCS) to form PDH/QCS hybrid hydrogels through dynamic interactions. The results indicate that increasing the hydrazone/imine ratio improves the strength and stability of the network. Notably, TDA-PEG-FA cross-linkers grant hydrogels with smaller pores and better mechanical strength. Overall, the structures and properties of PDH/QCS hydrogels can be tailored by selecting bonding types and designing macromeric cross-linkers in the network, enabling the customization of hydrogel performance for advanced applications.

Indexed as

Biocompatible MaterialsChitosanCross-Linking ReagentsDextransHydrogelsPolyethylene GlycolsHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsBiocompatible MaterialsChitosanCross-Linking ReagentsDextransHydrogelsPolyethylene Glycols

Identifiers

PMID40778448
PMCPMC12421511

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.