ArticleAfrican health sciences2024
High false hepatitis C antibody positivity rate in a regionally-inclusive population of non-renumerated blood donors in Uganda.
Article in African health sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Successful elimination of hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030 will partly rely on the availability and accessibility of affordable accurate disease testing platforms. In the past, testing of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in low resource settings of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has relied on anti-HCV testing using rapid diagnostic tests, chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) and Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA) whose diagnostic accuracy has been sub-optimal. We determined the false positivity rate of a CMIA platform that is routinely used to screen donor blood for anti-HCV in Uganda. Methods: 1,216 CMIA-screened anti-HCV-positive blood donor samples at four regional Ugandan blood banks, were subjected to a third generation ELISA and subsequently to nucleic acid testing (NAT). Results: Of the above 1,216 samples, 1,122 (92.2%) were negative on ELISA and thus deemed false positives. Active infection (NAT positive) was detected in 98 (8.0%). Presumed resolved infection was recorded among 3 (3.2%) of participants that remained positive on the ELISA platform but negative on NAT. Conclusion: The Architect CMIA assay exhibited very low specificity for anti-HCV testing. In this context, this finding may suggest need to employ testing protocols that include NAT or a combination of tests with higher validity.
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