ArticleLaryngoscope investigative otolaryngology2025
Disparities in the Receipt of Immunotherapy for Patients With Head and Neck Mucosal Melanoma.
Article in Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Disparities in the Receipt of Immunotherapy for Patients With Head and Neck Mucosal Melanoma.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and the use of immunotherapy (IT) in patients with head and neck mucosal melanoma (HNMM); and to assess trends in 3-year overall survival (OS) associated with IT. Methods: This retrospective study used National Cancer Database (NCDB) data from 2004 to 2021. SES was assessed using a composite measure incorporating race, ethnicity, insurance status, and rural residence. Trends in IT use and OS were evaluated using Joinpoint analysis. Multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models assessed associations between SES, IT receipt, and OS. Sensitivity analyses were performed by SES components and time period. Results: Among 3163 patients, 22.7% received IT. Use of IT increased over time (2013-2021 AAPC: 21.9%, 95% CI: 19.6-26.9) without significant differences between SES groups. SES was not associated with IT receipt (aOR: 1.15; 95% CI: 0.84-1.55) or OS (aHR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.78-1.13). IT was not associated with improved OS (aHR: 1.05; 95% CI: 0.87-1.26). Conclusion: Despite increasing IT use, no disparities in access or survival by SES were observed. While survival improved modestly over time, IT was not independently associated with this trend. These findings highlight equitable IT use in HNMM and underscore the need for future prospective studies to clarify its survival impact.
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