ArticleBMC pediatrics2025
A cross-sectional study investigating the association between parental daily brushing, extended breastfeeding, or parental smoking habit and early childhood dental caries in 4-year-old children: the Japan Environment and Children's Study.
Article in BMC pediatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Dental caries incidence in infants with abnormal birth weight for gestational age: a longitudinal study in the Japan Environment and Children's Study.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2026Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundDental caries is estimated to affect almost half of preschool children worldwide and is associated with low academic performance in school age and poor health in adulthood. Thus, the prevention of dental caries is an important issue that must be addressed. The objective of this study was to clarify the factors associated with early childhood dental caries (ECC) in 4-year-old children.
methodsThis study was part of an ongoing nationwide cohort study; the Japan Environment and Children's Study. Approximately 100,000 expectant mothers were recruited from 15 Regional Centers between January 2011 and March 2014. Questionnaires were regularly administered to participating mothers. Data on the presence of ECC at 4 years of age, frequency of parental brushing, continuation of breastfeeding, parental smoking habits, and other factors considered to be related with development of ECC were obtained from the datasets released in October 2019 and April 2021. Then, the data were statistically analyzed.
resultsAfter excluding 25,990 cases due to missing data referring to the prevalence of ECC, 74,310 cases were analyzed. The logistic regression analysis revealed that occasional parental brushing (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.33, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.27-1.39) was associated with significantly increased odds for ECC when compared to routine parental brushing. In addition, extended breastfeeding (aOR 2.07, 95% CI 1.86-2.29), continued smoking of mothers (aOR 1.42, 95% CI 1.30-1.55), and continued smoking of fathers (aOR 1.25, 95% CI 1.20-1.31) were associated with increased odds for ECC.
conclusionIrregular parental brushing, extended breastfeeding, and parental smoking habits were found to be associated with increased odds for ECC in 4-year-old children.
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