Observational studyHIV medicine2025
Morbidity and risk factors of COVID-19 in people with HIV-1 in Europe: A combined observational cohort and nested case-control study.
Observational study in HIV medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo study the COVID-19 disease course in people living with HIV (PLWH) based on meaningful case numbers, information about comorbidities, antiretroviral and COVID-19 treatment and HIV disease-related variables.
methodsMulti-centre, observational, retrospective study of people living with HIV with COVID-19 matched to HIV-uninfected individuals with COVID-19 (HUC) and a case-control study of people living with HIV with COVID-19 matched to COVID-19 negative people living with HIV. Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox proportional-hazards models stratified on each matched pair were used for COVID-19 outcomes, and conditional logistic regression models were used to identify risk factors for COVID-19 infection.
resultsFive hundred people living with HIV and COVID-19, 1106 HUC and 992 people living with HIV without COVID-19 were included. Rates for chronic kidney disease, peripheral vascular disease, dementia, prior pneumonia and liver disease in people living with HIV with COVID-19 were significantly higher by 4.1-, 2.9-, 2.6-, 2.4- and 1.6-fold, respectively, compared to HIV seronegative COVID-19 patients. Chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m
conclusionsOur study highlights the importance of a well-controlled HIV infection to prevent severe COVID-19-related outcomes. In people living with HIV and COVID-19, chronic kidney disease and a higher Charlson comorbidity index are risk factors that should prompt early treatment of COVID-19.
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