Current status of bovine cysticercosis and human taeniosis in areas surrounding Halaba Kulito Town, Central Ethiopia Regional State, Ethiopia.

Bovine cysticercosis and human taeniasis are significant contributors to economic losses in Ethiopia, primarily due to organ condemnation and treatment costs. A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to November 2023 in Halaba Kulito town to assess the prevalence, public health and economic effects, and community awareness levels. The methods employed in this study include: abattoir survey, retrospective data gathered from diagnostic laboratories and pharmacies, and a questionnaire survey. Out of 439 cattle examined, 21 (4.8%) tested positive for Cysticercus bovis. Age was the only factor significantly associated (χ2 = 7.12, P < 0.05) with C. bovis infection. Over the past five years, 40,993 stool samples were tested, with 112 (0.27%) found to contain Taeniidae eggs. Furthermore, of the 100 respondents interviewed, 64 (64%) had a history of infection linked to consuming raw meat. The estimated direct loss from the condemnation of C. bovis-infected organs was 5,080 ETB. Over a five-year period, 379,707 doses of taenicidal drugs were sold, totaling 2,823,766.5 ETB ($22,410.84), with an annual expenditure of 564,753.2 ETB ($4,482.2). This study highlights the significant economic and public health impact of cysticercosis and taeniasis, underscoring the need for increased attention. A coordinated One-Health approach is recommended to reduce the disease's impact. Promoting behavioral changes and educating the public on personal and environmental hygiene are crucial steps in disrupting the life cycle of Taenia saginata and reducing the disease burden in the country.