Trial reportClinical oral investigations2025
Fluoride application in middle childhood. A cross-sectional study.
Trial report in Clinical oral investigations, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesFluoride application is crucial for caries prevention; yet guidelines for middle childhood remain limited. This study evaluated the daily fluoride exposure of children aged six to 12 years and compare the findings with the available recommendations.
methodsChildren applied their usual amount of toothpaste to a manual toothbrush, which was weighed before and after application. Additionally, data on residence in relation to fluoridation of tap water, frequency of oral hygiene practices, the oral hygiene products used, additional fluoride supplementation, and parental knowledge regarding fluoride prophylaxis was collected to determine daily fluoride exposure. The data were analysed in accordance with current recommendations.
resultsThe study included 458 children aged 8.0 ± 1.77 years. Age-appropriate toothpaste was used by 76.4%. The mean quantity of toothpaste utilised was 0.42 ± 0.27, while 0.5-0.75 g are recommended. The mean daily fluoride intake via toothpaste was found to be 1.01 ± 0.81 mg. 94.1% of the study cohort does not meet the recommendations of the German Society for Preventive Dentistry. Only a third of the cohort used at least one supplementary fluoride source in addition to toothpaste (37.7%). 43.48% of legal guardians expressed the opinion that fluoride prophylaxis is recommended for their child.
conclusionsThe results highlight an urgent need for parental education. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In an area of low-fluoridated drinking water children over six years should use a full brush length (>0.5 g) of fluoridated toothpaste (approximately 1450 ppm) twice daily, along with an additional fluoride source such as fluoridated salt, mouthwashes or gels. Study register of the University Hospital Innsbruck (clinical trial registration number 20220331-2872).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.