Federated knee injury diagnosis using few shot learning.

Introduction: Knee injuries, especially Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) tears and meniscus tears, are becoming increasingly common and can severely restrict mobility and quality of life. Early diagnosis is essential for effective treatment and for preventing long-term complications such as knee osteoarthritis. While deep learning approaches have shown promise in identifying knee injuries from MRI scans, they often require large amounts of labeled data, which can be both scarce and privacy-sensitive. Methods: This paper analyses a hybrid methodology that integrates few-shot learning with federated learning for the diagnosis of knee injuries using MRI scans. The proposed model used a 3DResNet50 architecture as the backbone to enhance both feature extraction and embedding representation. A combined Centralized and Federated Few-Shot Learning Framework is analysed to leverage episodic-intermittent training strategy based on Prototypical Networks. The model is trained incorporating Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), Cross-Entropy Loss, and a MultiStep Learning Rate scheduler to enhance few-shot classification. This model also addressed the challenge of limited annotated data ensuring patient data privacy through distributed learning across multiple regions. Results: The models performance was evaluated on the MRNet dataset for multi-label classification. In the centralized setting, the model achieved accuracies of 85.3% on axial views, 82.1% on sagittal views, and 71% on coronal views. The propose work attained accuracies as 83% (axial), 83.9% (sagittal), and 65% (coronal), demonstrating the framework's effectiveness across different learning configurations. Discussion: The proposed method outperforms in diagnostic accuracy, generalization across MRI planes, and patient privacy via federated learning. However, it faces limitations, including lower coronal view performance and high computational demands due to its complex architecture.