ReviewFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology2025
Physical cues in biomaterials modulate macrophage polarization for bone regeneration: a review.
Review in Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Design and applications of barrier membranes for guided bone regeneration.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- A 'three-axis synergy' immunotherapeutic strategy for malignant bone tumors based on natural bioactives and bioactive materials.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- 3D-Printed and Biofabricated Scaffolds for Osteoporotic Bone Defect Repair: Mechanical Adaptation, Redox Control, Senescence Modulation and Osteoimmunomodulation.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Surface Modification of Titanium with EGCG and Hexamethylenediamine Coating for BMP‑2 Grafting: An Investigation of Osteogenic Properties.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Vascularized bone organoids: current advances and a biomimetic platform for osteonecrosis of the femoral head.Bone research · 2026Review
- Rational design of immunological programs for functional regenerative niches.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Biochemical and Physicomechanical Cues of Biomaterials Guide Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Advances in GelMA Hydrogel-Enabled Angiogenic-Osteogenic Coupling: From Structural Programming to Exogenous Cue Synergy.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Review
- The multilayer coatings on polylactic acid implants spatiotemporally regulates the microenvironment to enhance antibacterial and osseointegration capacity.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Micro-nano integrated platforms for osteoarthritis therapy: From spatial manipulation to cellular reprogramming.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- A spatiotemporal atlas of senescence-associated secretory phenotype in fracture healing: stage-dependent mechanisms and therapeutic windows.Inflammation and regeneration · 2026Review
- Recent progress in immunomodulation-based strategies for bone repair.Regenerative therapy · 2026Review
- GelMA-Based Nanocomposites for Bone Defect Regeneration: Design, Performance, and Clinical Translation Potential.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- RefinedFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Sequential polarization of macrophages: an immunomodulatory strategy for novel bone repair materials.Regenerative biomaterials · 2026Review
- Injectable Poloxamer and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel for Sustained Co-Delivery of Dexamethasone and Lidocaine Ameliorates Neuropathic Pain.Biomaterials research · 2026Article
- Biomaterial physicochemical properties govern immune activation and bone regeneration: a titanium-focused design-oriented osteoimmunological framework.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The role of gut microbiota in osteoporosis: underlying mechanisms, clinical associations, and emerging biomaterials.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bone regeneration is a complex process governed by inflammation, angiogenesis, and tissue remodeling. Macrophages play central roles by dynamically shifting between pro-inflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2) phenotypes. While biochemical signals have been widely studied, emerging evidence highlights the immunomodulatory potential of physical cues from biomaterials. This review summarizes macrophage functions across bone healing phases and critically examines how physical cues-such as stiffness, topography, pore architecture, hydrophilicity, electromagnetic stimuli, and metal composition-modulate macrophage polarization. We discuss underlying mechanosensing mechanisms, phenotype plasticity, and the dynamic interplay between materials and immune cells. Finally, we highlight current limitations and propose future directions to guide the design of next-generation osteo-immunomodulatory biomaterials.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.